基于区块链技术的生态观测数据存储与共享模式
收稿日期: 2020-03-17
网络出版日期: 2020-07-30
基金资助
国家重点研发计划(2016YFC0500203)
Storing and Sharing Ecological Observation Data Using Blockchain Technology
Received date: 2020-03-17
Online published: 2020-07-30
生态数据存储规模随着生态学领域研究尺度的拓展不断扩张，而传统中心化数据存储方式面对日益庞大的海量生态数据越来越难以维持，观测数据易重复、易篡改、难共享以及存储成本高、数据利用效率低等弊端进一步诱发了生态学研究对更高效数据存储技术的需求。与此同时，衍生于比特币交易的区块链技术凭借其分布式数据存储成本低、数据安全共享程度高等优势迅速得到青睐。在此背景下，本研究立足于生态学领域研究生态观测数据使用与共享等环节中的现实问题，从区块链技术视角出发，通过数据标签实时发布、数据修改实时验证等技术手段，设计开发“生态系统观测数据安全保障系统”（Ecosystem Observation Data Security System， EODSS）。研究结果表明，本研究基于经典C/S 架构开发可执行脚本文件框架设计，能够有效满足生态学领域研究中的常见功能需求。相比于传统中心化数据存储方式，本研究使用Hash算法对系统数据层中原始数据进行加密处理，并引用时间戳技术保证数据的实效信息，有效规避传统中心化数据存储中面临的安全问题。作为对区块链技术在生态学领域实际应用的一次探索，本研究试图将区块链技术优势应用到生态数据管理中，用以解决生态学领域研究中长期存在的数据安全存储与共享难题，以期为后续相关探索提供有益参照。
侯玥, 彭长辉, 杨铭霞, 刘智豪, 周晓路 . 基于区块链技术的生态观测数据存储与共享模式[J]. 农业大数据学报, 2020 , 2(2) : 55 -66 . DOI: 10.19788/j.issn.2096-6369.200206
The scale of ecological data storage continues to increase with the expansion of research in the field of ecology. However, traditional centralized data storage methods are unsustainable for dealing with increasingly large volumes of ecological data. More efficient data storage technology can deal with observation data that need to be easy to duplicate, process, share, and store and offset the current high costs and low levels of data reuse in ecological research. Blockchain technology offers the advantages of low cost of distributed data storage and a high degree of security when sharing data. This study examines the practical problems of storing and sharing ecological observation data. It describes a potential blockchain solution, "Ecosystem Observation Data Security System" (EODSS), including elements such as real-time data tag publishing, real-time data modification and other technical means, design and development. The solution is based on the classic C / S architecture development executable script file framework design, which is shown to effectively address the basic functional requirements of the field of ecology. Compared with the traditional centralized data storage method, the blockchain solution uses the Hash algorithm to encrypt the original data in the system data layer, and uses timestamp technology to ensure appropriate access to the actual data. This approach effectively avoids many security problems associated with traditional centralized data storage. In exploring the practical application of blockchain technology in the field of ecological data management, this study identifies the advantages and opportunities of using the blockchain to manage the secure long-term storage and sharing of ecological data, and provides a useful reference for related work.
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