农产品溯源，就是对农产品进行正向、逆向或不定向的追踪，从种植生产到消费者终端，通过专门的软件设备进行信息共享，为消费者服务。近些年来，随着越来越多食品安全事件发生，人们对农产品质量安全要求不断提高，传统农产品溯源模式在暴露出来越来越多问题的同时也愈发难以满足消费者的需求，亟需建立一套透明可信的农产品溯源体系来更好的保障农产品的质量安全。区块链技术本质上讲是一个共享数据库，储存在其中的数据信息具有不可伪造、不可篡改、全程追溯、公开透明等特点。借助区块链技术，结合物联网、AI技术、时间戳加密技术等构建以区块链技术为基础的农产品溯源体系，以实现对农业生产各环节的追溯。本文从梁平柚入手，以梅州柚为例，分析了传统追溯体系在梁平柚溯源中的应以及存在的问题。并对采用区块链技术的顺丰溯源在柚子产业中的应用进行案例分析，介绍了顺丰溯源体系的框架结构，并从种植信息采集上链、流通冷链运输、监管质检环节、消费环节等维度对顺丰的溯源机制进行分析论述。最后总结了区块链技术在其他农产品溯源中应用的案例以及目前所面对的困难与存在的问题，为进一步的创新发展奠定基础。

Traceability of agricultural products involves tracking such products in a positive, reverse, or non-directional manner. That traceability covers all processes: from planting and production, logistics and transport, warehousing and sales through to consumer terminals; it does so by means of special information collection equipment, intelligent information-control systems, and information sharing. In that way, consumers are able to obtain the information they need. Given the occurrence of increasing numbers of food safety incidents and improvement of people’s material living standards over recent years in China, citizens’ demands for the quality and safety of agricultural products have grown. The traditional traceability system of agricultural products has exposed ever-greater problems. However, meeting consumer needs has also become increasingly difficult. Thus, it is necessary to establish a set of transparent guidelines in this regard. There is an urgent need in China to establish a credible traceability system for agricultural products—a system that can better guarantee the quality and safety of such products. Blockchain technology is essentially a shared database: stored information is characterized by non-forgery, non-tampering, full traceability, openness, and transparency. By combining blockchain technology with the Internet of Things, artificial intelligence, time stamp encryption, and other technologies, it is possible to establish a traceability system for agricultural products to cover planting, picking, circulation, storage, sales, and production. By focusing on Liangping pomelos and taking Meizhou pomelosas an example, this study analyzes the application of the conventional traceability system for Liangping pomelos; it exposes the problems associated with applying that system. This paper also examines the application of blockchain technology for the traceability of grapefruit. The framework of such a system is presented. A discussion is made of the traceability mechanism with respect to obtaining planting information, cold chain transportation, supervision and quality inspection links, and consumption links. Finally, this paper summarizes the application of blockchain technology in the traceability of other agricultural products; it identifies current problems, thereby setting the stage for further innovation and development.