区块链的发展历程及在农业领域的应用展望
收稿日期: 2021-06-20
网络出版日期: 2021-12-22
基金资助
国家社科基金青年项目“中国农业科技政策扩散及路径优化研究”(20CTQ019);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金“区块链技术在农业领域的应用研究”(Y2021XK19);中国农业科学院农业信息研究所科技创新工程“基于区块链的生猪肉品溯源关键技术研究”(CAAS-ASTIP-2016-AII);公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金“基于区块链的生猪全产业链肉品质量综合评价系统研究 ”(2021JKY027)
The Development of Blockchain and Its Application in Agriculture
Received date: 2021-06-20
Online published: 2021-12-22
【有关概念】区块链是一个去中心化的、开放共享的分布式数据库，具有去中心化、高度开放、匿名性、机器自治、信息不可篡改且可追溯等特点。【目前研究现状】目前，区块链技术已成为世界各国争相发展的前沿科技，被应用于金融、教育、医疗等诸多领域，应用成果层出不穷，我国也将其列入了国家战略。当前关于区块链的研究文献大多聚焦于区块链技术在金融领域的发展与应用，以系统性回顾区块链技术发展历程与特点为研究重心的文献相对较少，“区块链+农业”也才处于起步阶段。【本文的内容概括】系统的梳理了区块链的主要发展历程，将其划分为技术起源阶段、区块链1.0阶段、区块链2.0阶段和区块链3.0阶段四个阶段，归纳了各个阶段的主要特征和发展状况，深入探讨了农业领域有代表性的区块链应用案例。在梳理发展历程和分析应用案例的基础上，挖掘区块链技术的应用潜力，总结区块链在农业领域的新机遇，并对我国农业领域区块链技术的发展提出了思考。【展望】区块链技术的应用能有效减少信息不对称、提高信息的公开透明度、降低数据存储成本等，有助于现代农业的发展。为使区块链在农业领域得到更好的应用，未来需要更加深入地了解其面临的潜在问题与挑战，并采取针对性措施以推动农业领域区块链的发展。
汪汇涓, 徐倩, 周爱莲, 梁晓贺, 谢能付, 李小雨, 吴赛赛 . 区块链的发展历程及在农业领域的应用展望[J]. 农业大数据学报, 2021 , 3(3) : 76 -86 . DOI: 10.19788/j.issn.2096-6369.210308
[Related Concepts]Blockchain is a decentralized, open and shared distributed database that has the characteristics of decentralization, high openness, anonymity, machine autonomy, anti-tampering, and traceability. [Current Research Status]At present, blockchain has become a leading technology to advance the development of countries worldwide and has been applied in many fields, including finance, education, and medical care. Its applications are continuously emerging, and China has now included it as part of the national technology strategy. Most of the available research literature on blockchain technology focuses on its development and application in the financial sector. Few studies have attempted a systematic review of the development process and characteristics of blockchain technology, and "blockchain + agriculture" is still in its infancy. [Summary of This Paper]This paper systematically combs the main development process of blockchain, divides it into four stages (origin of the technology, blockchain 1.0, blockchain 2.0, and blockchain 3.0), summarizes the main characteristics and development status of each stage, and discusses in depth representative cases of blockchain application in the agricultural sector. By combing the development process and analyzing the application cases, this paper explores the application potential of blockchain technology, summarizes new opportunities for blockchain in agriculture, and puts forward ideas for using blockchain technology in agriculture in China. [Prospect]The application of blockchain technology can effectively reduce information asymmetry, improve information transparency, reduce data storage costs, and contribute to the development of modern agriculture. To make blockchain technology more applicable to agriculture, we need to understand the problems and challenges that may arise in the future, while still devising targeted measures to promote the development of blockchain for the agricultural sector.
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