科学数据是指在研究、实验、观测、监测、检测、调查等科技活动中或通过其他方式获取的原始性基础性数据以及根据不同科技活动需要进行二次加工整理的各类数据集。科学数据共享是科学活动中最基本、活跃的有效资源，作为有效开发和利用科学数据的手段之一，它减小了“数字鸿沟”，促使数据资源得到优化配置与重复利用，加快了科学知识发现与科学进步步伐，促进科学界共享合作，对提高科技水平、促进社会发展具有重大意义。与科学数据共享发展较为成熟的国家相比，目前我国科学数据共享发展略显迟缓。如何提升全民数据意识，营造科学数据共享氛围对于推动科学数据发展至关重要。本文借鉴联机分析处理（OLAP）方法，基于“维”的核心思想，将“政策完善程度、数据共享平台建设与使用水平、利益驱动转化”演绎为三个维度，提出基于OLAP的科学数据共享发展多维分析模型，分别展开对国内外科学数据共享政策、数据平台建设及科学数据共享益处的研究分析，总结我国科学数据共享行为影响因素与发展过程所遇到的阻碍与问题。最后，结合我国科学数据共享实际发展情况，从“融入激励机制的政策制度”、“加强知识产权保护”、“打造一站式的科学数据共享平台”三方面入手，提出推动科学数据共享发展的可行性建议，从理论和实践上为我国科学数据共享管理工作提供参考。

Scientific data refers to the original basic data obtained in research, experiment, observation, monitoring, detection, investigation and other scientific and technological activities or through other means, as well as various data sets that are processed and sorted out according to the needs of different scientific and technological activities. Scientific data sharing is the most basic and active effective resource in scientific activities. As one of the means to effectively develop and utilize scientific data, it reduces the "digital divide", promotes the optimal allocation and reuse of data resources, speeds up scientific knowledge discovery and scientific progress, promotes scientific community sharing and cooperation, and is of great significance to improve the level of science and technology and promote social development. Compared with countries with more mature scientific data sharing development, the development of scientific data sharing in China is slightly slow. How to improve the data awareness of the whole people and create an atmosphere for scientific data sharing is very important to promote the development of scientific data. Based on the core idea of "dimension", this paper uses the online analytical processing (OLAP) method for reference, deduces "the degree of policy perfection, the construction and use level of data sharing platform, and the benefit driven transformation" into three dimensions, puts forward a multi-dimensional analysis model for the development of scientific data sharing based on OLAP, and carries out research and Analysis on domestic and foreign scientific data sharing policies, data platform construction, and the benefits of scientific data sharing, Summarize the influencing factors and obstacles and problems encountered in the development process of scientific data sharing in China. Finally, combined with the actual development of scientific data sharing in China, this paper puts forward feasible suggestions to promote the development of scientific data sharing from the three aspects of "policies and systems integrated into incentive mechanism", "strengthening intellectual property protection" and "building a one-stop scientific data sharing platform", so as to provide reference for the management of scientific data sharing in China in theory and practice.