数字乡村是实现乡村振兴的重要举措，是实现农业农村现代化的重要途径。但在数字乡村发展过程中，产生的大量涉及农业生产、经营、科研、管理的重要数据面临复杂严峻的数据安全形势。必须统筹发展和安全，强化农业农村数据安全管理与技术防护，筑牢安全防线。通过全面分析数字乡村中智慧农业建设、乡村社会数字化治理、涉农部门的数字政府建设等方面面临的数据机密性、完整性、可用性风险，提出要平衡数据的价值挖掘与安全保护之间的关系，从顶层设计、涉农终端设施安全、网络环境安全、应用服务安全、数据安全技术防护体系、保障措施等方面构建数字乡村数据安全综合治理体系。要建立数据安全长效治理机制，完善农业农村领域数据安全管理制度和规范；保障农业信息感知等各类终端设备安全；增强网络的主动防御、动态防御、精准防御能力，确保网络环境安全可靠；强化涉农相关的生产管理、业务管理、政务管理信息系统安全防护；建立健全覆盖数据全生命周期的数据安全技术防护体系；从数据安全风险评估、监督考核、人才培养等方面落实保障措施，为数字乡村发展保驾护航。

Digital village is an important measure to achieve rural revitalization and the modernization of agriculture and rural areas. However, in the process of digital rural development, a large number of important data related to agricultural production, business, scientific research and management are faced with a complex and severe data security situation. We must coordinate the development and security, and strengthen the management and technical protection of data security, and construct the line of data security in agricultural and rural areas. By comprehensively analyzing the risks of data confidentiality, integrity and availability faced by the construction of smart agriculture, the digital governance of rural society and the digital construction of agriculture sector in the digital village, the paper proposes to balance the relationship between data value mining and security protection, and build a comprehensive governance system for data security from the aspects of top-level design, the security of terminal facilities, network security, application security, the technical protection system and safeguards. By establishing a long-term governance mechanism, improving institutional norms, ensuring the security of agricultural terminal facilities, enhancing the capability of active defense, dynamic defense and precise defense to ensure network security and reliability, strengthening security protection of information systems related to production control, business management and government affairsm, establishing a technical protection system covering the data lifecycle, and implementing safeguard measures from data security risk assessment, supervision and talent training, the development of digital villages is escorted.