干旱这一自然灾害在近几十年内频繁发生，不仅造成土壤退化等自然环境的破坏，还会对经济发展形成巨大的影响。干旱的发生是一个长期、连续且复杂的过程，是大气、土壤以及农作物综合作用的结果。文章选取2001—2020年的日光诱导叶绿素荧光遥感数据，以河南省作为研究区域，以研究区多年叶绿素荧光异常指数作为干旱指标，基于分位数思想划分了干旱等级。论文最后利用产量、受灾面积和成灾面积等多种统计数据，分析叶绿素荧光异常指数与统计数据的相关关系，以及研究区多年干旱情况的时空变化特征，最终形成科学、有效的抗旱防旱建议。结果表明，叶绿素荧光干旱指数和小麦产量、玉米产量、受灾面积以及成灾面积的相关系数分别为0.93、0.89、-0.54和-0.58。叶绿素荧光干旱指数和小麦产量、玉米产量呈现出高的正相关关系，叶绿素荧光干旱指数和受灾面积、成灾面积呈现出负相关关系，表明叶绿素荧光指数监测干旱是可行的。基于叶绿素荧光干旱指数，从时间和空间两个维度计算了河南省干旱情况，分析研究区2001—2020年的干旱指标，发现河南省干旱程度总体减轻，干旱范围也大幅度缩小，干旱程度缓解，最后基于干旱监测结果为河南省抗旱防旱提出了4条建议性措施。本文基于日光诱导叶绿素荧光遥感的河南省干旱监测与分析研究为河南省的防旱抗旱提供了科学的依据。

Drought, a natural disaster that has occurred frequently in recent decades, not only causes damage to the natural environment such as soil degradation, but also has a huge impact on economic development. The occurrence of drought is a long-term, continuous and complex process, which is the result of the combined effect of the atmosphere, soil and crops. This paper selected sun/solar-induced chlorophyll fluorescence remote sensing data from 2001 to 2020, took Henan Province as the study area, used the multi-year chlorophyll fluorescence anomaly index as the drought index, and classified drought classes based on the idea of quantile. Finally, the correlations between chlorophyll fluorescence anomaly index and statistical data (yield, affected area and disaster area) were calculated, and the spatial and temporal variation characteristics of the multi-year drought situation were analyzed, to provide scientific and effective suggestions for drought resistance and prevention. Results showed that the correlation coefficients of chlorophyll fluorescence drought index and wheat yield, maize yield, affected area and disaster area were 0.93, 0.89,-0.54 and-0.58, respectively. The correlation coefficients of chlorophyll fluorescence drought index and wheat yield and maize yield showed high positive correlation, while this index and affected area and disaster area showed negative correlation. This indicated the feasibility of chlorophyll fluorescence index in monitoring drought. Using the chlorophyll fluorescence drought index, the drought situation in Henan Province was calculated in practical and spatial dimensions, and the drought from 2001 to 2020 was analyzed. The overall degree of drought in Henan Province was reduced, and the extent of drought was significantly reduced. Finally, four measures were proposed for drought prevention based on the results. This paper provided a scientific basis for drought prevention and drought control based on remote sensing of sun/solar-induced chlorophyll fluorescence for drought monitoring and analysis in Henan Province.