云南地方小麦种质资源条锈病抗性鉴定与抗病基因分子检测
收稿日期: 2023-05-10
网络出版日期: 2023-08-15
基金资助
国家自然科学基金项目(32260477);云南省基础研究计划项目-面上项目(2019FB054);财政部国家科技资源共享服务平台-云南农作物种质资源收集保存与共享利用(NCGRC-2022-030);云南省重大科技专项(生物医药)子项目-生物资源数字化开发应用(202002AA100007);2022年省农业发展专项资金-现代种业发展项目-云南省省级农作物种质资源库建设
Identification of Stripe Rust Resistance and Molecular Detection of Resistance Genes in Yunnan Wheat Landrace Germplasm Resources
Received date: 2023-05-10
Online published: 2023-08-15
作物种质资源深入鉴定是育种利用的前提和基础。云南省农作物种质资源库保存了丰富的云南地方小麦种质资源，但其条锈病抗性特征尚不明确。本研究通过开展田间成株期条锈病抗性鉴定及3个已知抗病基因Yr5、Yr10、Yr15的基因型分析，明确云南省农作物种质资源库保存的260份云南地方小麦种质资源条锈病抗性水平及3个已知抗病基因位点分布，为小麦条锈病优异抗性资源筛选与抗病基因发掘利用提供理论参考。结果表明：260份云南地方小麦种质资源在2022年嵩明试验点的田间成株期条锈病抗性表现免疫和近免疫材料38份，占14.62%；高抗材料93份，占35.77%；中抗材料46份，占17.69%；中感和高感材料83份，占31.92%。同时利用毛细管电泳检测技术，明确260份云南地方小麦种质资源中携带Yr10抗病基因的材料为11份，占比为4.23%，携带Yr5和Yr15抗病基因的材料均为0份。综上，260份云南地方小麦资源中具有较为丰富的条锈病抗性材料，免疫、近免疫及高抗材料占比为50.39%，并且未检测出已知抗病基因Yr5和Yr15，推测上述材料很可能携带有未知抗病新基因。
陈丹 , 杜娟 , 周国雁 , 武晓阳 , 白晓东 , 伍少云 , 蔡青 . 云南地方小麦种质资源条锈病抗性鉴定与抗病基因分子检测[J]. 农业大数据学报, 2023 , 5(2) : 27 -35 . DOI: 10.19788/j.issn.2096-6369.230205
In-depth identification of crop germplasm resources is the premise and basis for breeding and utilization. The Crop Genebank of Yunnan Province has preserved abundant wheat germplasm resources in Yunnan, but the resistance characteristics of stripe rust are still unclear. In this study, 260 Yunnan landrace wheat germplasm resources preserved in the Crop Genebank were determined by carrying out the identification of stripe rust resistance at adult plant stage in the field and the genotype analysis of three known resistance genes Yr5, Yr10 and Yr15, to clear the resistance level of stripe rust and the distribution of three known resistance genes Yr5, Yr10 and Yr15, which provided a theoretical reference for the screening of excellent resistance resources and the exploration and utilization of resistance genes. The results showed that 38 of 260 Yunnan landrace wheat germplasm resources showed immune and near immune resistance to stripe rust at adult stage in Songming experimental site in 2022, accounting for 14.62 %. There were 93 high resistance materials, accounting for 35.77 %, 46 medium resistance materials, accounting for 17.69 %, and 83 medium and high susceptible materials, accounting for 31.92 %. At the same time, using capillary electrophoresis detection technology, there were 11 materials carrying Yr10 resistance gene in 260 Yunnan landrace wheat germplasm resources, accounting for 4.23 %, and 0 materials carrying Yr5 and Yr15 resistance genes. In summary, 260 Yunnan landrace wheat resources are rich in stripe rust resistance materials. The proportion of immune, near immune and high resistance materials are 50.39 %, and resistance genes Yr5 and Yr15 are undetected. It is speculated that the above materials are likely to carry unknown new resistance genes.
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