食物消费是居民获取日常营养的重要渠道，同时也是人们维持生存、保持健康的基本需求。经济的发展促进着农村居民食物消费的转型升级，同时也改变着农户的营养健康状况。对我国农村食物消费与营养摄入情况进行调查，是引导科学的饮食结构、提升农户营养健康水平的关键，同时也为农村居民食物消费的机理研究提供了重要的微观数据资料。数据集来自黑龙江省，数据主要通过入户问卷调查的方式采集。问卷内容覆盖了个人情况、膳食回顾、食物消费、健康情况与体力活动、营养认知及素养等信息，并经预调研及专家讨论进行修订以保障其科学性。入户调查活动于2022年7－8月开展，作者走访了黑龙江省6个县（市/区）18个乡镇中的543名农户，所得数据采用自查与互查的方式进行人工质量检验以保障数据的真实性及准确性。调查数据均按照统一数据格式、剔除错误数据、合并重复数据等规范化流程处理。本数据集提供了多地区微观调研信息，可为农村食物消费与营养摄入的异质性研究提供数据支撑。

Food consumption is an important way for residents to obtain daily nutrition, and it is also a basic need for people to maintain their survival and keep healthy. Economic development promotes the transformation and upgrading of rural food consumption, and also changes the nutritional and health status of farmers. However, the unhealthy diet still exists, the problem of excess nutrition begins to occur in rural areas, and the proportion of people with obesity and chronic diseases is rising. The investigation of food consumption and nutrition health in rural areas is very important for guiding the scientific diet structure and improving the health level of rural people. Meanwhile, it also provides micro data for the mechanism research of rural residents’ food consumption. The dataset covers multiple regions of Heilongjiang Province, China. We selected 18 towns of 6 counties (cities/districts) to carry out research activities. The above towns are distributed in the west, north and south of Heilongjiang Province. Through the pre-survey activities and expert discussion, the content of the questionnaire was improved. From July to August 2022, we conducted the research activities and collected information on individual status, dietary reviews, food consumption, health and physical activity, nutritional awareness and literacy for over five hundred farmers. Manual quality inspection is carried out through data self-inspection and mutual inspection to ensure the data authenticity and accuracy. All the data were processed according to the standardized steps: unifying the data format, removing the wrong data, and merging the duplicate data. Finally, effective data of 543 households were obtained. This dataset provides multi-regional information, thus providing data support for the heterogeneous studies of food consumption and nutrient health in rural areas.