加快建设农业强国，推进农业农村现代化，离不开对我国农业农村现代化现状的观察和调查。通过跟踪调查可以深入了解我国农业农村现代化的发展过程与现状，更有针对性地支持国家和地方实施乡村振兴战略的科学决策和支撑“三农”问题的前沿学术研究。本文作者以华中农业大学经济管理学院和宏观农业研究院连续5年组织的农业农村现代化跟踪调查为例，围绕调查前的准备与人员组织、调查中的制度保障与规范化工作以及调查后的总结与维护，系统地概述了跟踪调查过程中各个环节的组织和开展过程。

To accelerate the building of a strong agriculture and promote the modernization of agriculture and rural areas, it is necessary to observe and investigate the current situation of the modernization of agriculture and rural areas in China. Through the follow-up survey, we can deeply understand the development process and current situation of the modernization of agriculture and rural areas in our country, and support the scientific decision-making of the national and local implementation of the rural revitalization strategy and support the frontier academic research on the issues relating to agriculture, rural areas and farmers. Based on the agricultural and rural modernization surveys organized by the College of Economics and Management and Macro Agriculture Research Institute of Huazhong Agricultural University for 5 consecutive years, this paper summarizes the whole process of survey organization from the preparation and personnel organization before the survey, institutional guarantee and standardization work during the survey, to the summary and maintenance after the survey, which mainly includes teacher team formation and responsibilities, questionnaire design and electronization, investigator recruitment and team formation, survey training, survey sampling, work guarantee, quality inspection and control, data management, evaluation and summary, survey report writing, fixed observation point maintenance, etc..