随着数据要素市场化配置改革的不断深化，数据已成为驱动农业新质生产力发展的核心引擎。我国农业领域数据来源多样、覆盖环节广泛，但数据共享流通效率不高、要素价值难以充分释放。可信数据空间（Trusted Data Space，TDS）作为一种新型数据流通基础设施，能够在保障数据可用不可见、主权可控和全程可追溯的前提下，实现数据的可信共享与合规流通，为破解数据安全与共享流通之间的矛盾提供了有效路径。构建农业可信数据空间（Agricultural Trusted Data Space，ATDS）是推动农业数据要素高效配置、赋能智慧农业高质量发展、培育农业新质生产力的重要举措，基于此，本文在系统梳理我国ATDS发展现状的基础上，构建了涵盖功能结构、技术架构及关键支撑技术的技术体系，深入分析了当前ATDS构建过程中面临的主要挑战，并从政策引导、技术研发、制度创新和应用场景落地四个方面提出了针对性对策建议，以期为ATDS的建设实施提供理论依据和实践参考。

With the continuous deepening of market-oriented reforms in the allocation of data as a production factor, data has become a core engine driving the development of new-quality productivity in agriculture. In China, agricultural data originate from diverse sources and span a wide range of production and management stages; however, the efficiency of data sharing and circulation remains low, and the value of data elements has yet to be fully unlocked. As a novel infrastructure for data circulation, the Trusted Data Space (TDS) enables trusted data sharing and compliant circulation by ensuring data are usable but not exposed, controllable data sovereignty, and full-process traceability, thereby providing an effective approach to resolving the tension between data security and data sharing. Establishing an Agricultural Trusted Data Space (ATDS) is an important initiative to promote the efficient allocation of agricultural data elements, empower the high-quality development of smart agriculture, and cultivate new-quality productivity in agriculture. Accordingly, based on a systematic review of the current development status of ATDS in China, this paper proposes a technical framework encompassing the functional structure, technical architecture, and key enabling technologies. It further provides an in-depth analysis of the major challenges encountered in the construction of ATDS and offers targeted countermeasures and recommendations from four dimensions: policy guidance, technological research and development, institutional innovation, and the implementation of application scenarios, with the aim of providing a theoretical basis and practical reference for the construction and implementation of ATDS.