基于Docker与Kubernetes技术的渠灌区高效用水管控平台的设计与应用

doi:10.19788/j.issn.2096-6369.000107

农业大数据学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 7 ›› Issue (3): 307-319.doi: 10.19788/j.issn.2096-6369.000107

基于Docker与Kubernetes技术的渠灌区高效用水管控平台的设计与应用

张石锐¹(), 李腾¹, 林萍², 刘伟³, 魏一博⁴^,^*()

1.北京市农林科学院智能装备技术研究中心，北京 100097
2.新疆天业(集团)有限公司，新疆石河子 832000
3.农芯科技（北京）有限公司，北京 100097
4.北京市农林科学院信息技术研究中心,北京 100097

收稿日期:2025-04-03 接受日期:2025-05-06 出版日期:2025-09-26 发布日期:2025-09-28
通讯作者: 魏一博，E-mail: weiyb@nercita.org.cn。
作者简介:张石锐，E-mail: zhangsr@nercita.org.cn。
基金资助:
兵团财政科技计划项目(2023AB060);北京市农林科学院重大学科培育项目：智慧灌溉关键技术装备及产业化

Design and Application of Efficient Water Control Platform for Channel Irrigation Area

ZHANG ShiRui¹(), LI Teng¹, LIN Ping², LIU Wei³, WEI YiBo⁴^,^*()

1. Intelligent equipment Technology Research Center, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China
2. Xinjiang Tianye (Group) Co., LTD., Shihezi 832000, Xinjiang, China
3. Nongxin Technology (Beijing) Co., LTD., Beijing 100097, China
4. Information Technology Research Center, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China

Received:2025-04-03 Accepted:2025-05-06 Published:2025-09-26 Online:2025-09-28

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

灌溉方式落后，用水管理不规范，节水意识薄弱等问题造成我国农田灌溉水利用系数较发达国家差距明显，急需采用信息化技术赋能发展精细化渠灌区灌溉信息化、智能化管控。本研究采用基于Docker与Kubernetes的微服务框架，解决了不同开发语言和不同运行环境的物联网系统、灌溉决策用水调度算法、Web服务等关键服务模块的集成应用问题，围绕渠灌区农田“水情监测-智能决策-高效调控”等关键环节，构建渠灌区高效用水管控平台。文中介绍了平台的业务逻辑、平台架构、功能实现方法等技术环节。在黑龙江和平灌区的应用效果表明，平台降低了水情监测和灌溉用水的人力投入60%，提高了农田灌溉水有效利用系数19%，打造了渠灌区信息化灌溉管控的可应用、可复制、可推广样板工程。

关键词: 渠灌区灌溉, 微服务, 灌溉决策, 信息化管控, Kubernetes

Abstract:

Backward irrigation methods, non-standard water management and weak water-saving consciousness lead to the obvious gap between the effective utilization coefficient of farmland irrigation water in China and that in developed countries. In this study, the microservice framework based on Docker and Kubernetes is used to solve the integration and application problems of key service modules such as iot systems with different development languages and operating environments, water scheduling algorithms for irrigation decision-making, and Web services. Centering on the key links of "water monitoring - intelligent decision-making - efficient regulation", the efficient water management and control platform of irrigation area was constructed. This paper introduces the platform's business logic, platform architecture, function realization method and other technical links, and completes the platform development. The application demonstration of the platform for efficient water use control in canal irrigation district was carried out in Heping Irrigation District of Heilongjiang Province. The analysis on the application effect of the platform showed that the application of the platform effectively reduced the manpower input of water monitoring and irrigation water, reduced the manpower cost by more than 60%, and increased the effective utilization coefficient of irrigation water in farmland by 19%. The model project of information-based irrigation management and control in canal irrigation district can be applied, replicated and promoted.

Key words: irrigation in canal irrigation area, microservices, irrigation decision, information-based management and control, Kubernetes

张石锐, 李腾, 林萍, 刘伟, 魏一博. 基于Docker与Kubernetes技术的渠灌区高效用水管控平台的设计与应用[J]. 农业大数据学报, 2025, 7(3): 307-319.

ZHANG ShiRui, LI Teng, LIN Ping, LIU Wei, WEI YiBo. Design and Application of Efficient Water Control Platform for Channel Irrigation Area[J]. Journal of Agricultural Big Data, 2025, 7(3): 307-319.

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分类	名称	协议	监测数据	状态数据	数据主动上报间隔	控制
农田环境监测	土壤墒情监测仪	MQTT	0-20、20-40、40-60、60-80cm土壤含水量，20、40、60、80cm土壤温度	电池电压、信号强度	1 h	-
农田环境监测	农田气象站	MQTT	空气温度，空气湿度，总辐射，降雨量，大气压力，风速，风向	电池电压、信号强度	1 h	-
水情监测	水位监测站	MQTT	水位	电池电压、信号强度	30 min	-
水情监测	地下水位监测站	MQTT	水位	电池电压、信号强度	30 min	-
闸门控制	干渠闸门控制器	Modbus TCP	闸前水位，闸后水位，闸门开度	电压，电流，功率，信号强度	10 min	干渠闸门开度控制
闸门控制	量控一体化闸门	Modbus TCP	闸前水位，闸后水位，闸门开度，累计流量，瞬时流量	电池电压，信号强度	10 min	支渠、斗渠闸门开度控制

渠系	安装设备数量
渠系	土壤墒情监测仪	农田气象站	水位监测站	地下水位监测站	干渠闸门控制器	量控一体化闸门
水源	-	-	3	-	-	-
干渠	-	-	-	-	3	-
一支渠	1	1	1	1	-	-
二支渠	-	-	1	1	-	-
四支渠	-	-	1		-	-
五支渠	-	-	1	1	-	-
六支渠	-	-	1		-	-
七支渠	-	-	1		-	-
八支渠	-	-	1		-	-
九支渠	-	-	1		-	-
十支渠	1	1		3	-	4
十二支渠	-	-	1		-	-
十三支渠	-	-	1	1	-	-
水田农场斗	-	-	1	-	-	-
农场直属斗	-	-	1	-	-	-
民族直属斗	1	-	1	-	-	-
双胜一队渠	-	-	1	-	-	-
干渠排水	-	-	1	-	-	-
一排水	-	-	1	-	-	-
二排水	-	-	1	-	-	-
三排水	-	-	1	-	-	-
四五排水	-	-	1	-	-	-
六七排水	-	-	1	-	-	-
八排水	-	-	1	-	-	-
九排水	-	-	1	-	-	-

基于Docker与Kubernetes技术的渠灌区高效用水管控平台的设计与应用

Design and Application of Efficient Water Control Platform for Channel Irrigation Area

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