肉牛绿色健康智慧养殖：框架、技术与展望

doi:10.19788/j.issn.2096-6369.000126

农业大数据学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 8 ›› Issue (2): 199-211.doi: 10.19788/j.issn.2096-6369.000126

肉牛绿色健康智慧养殖：框架、技术与展望

张崧雪¹^,²^,³, 孔繁涛²^,⁴^,^*(), 王越⁵, 曹姗姗²^,³, 张志勇²^,³^,⁴^,⁶, 孙伟²^,³^,^*()

¹ 中国农业科学院特产研究所，吉林长春 130112
² 中国农业科学院国家南繁研究院，海南三亚 572024
³ 中国农业科学院农业信息研究所，北京 100081
⁴ 中国农业科学院农业经济与发展研究所，北京 100081
⁵ 农业农村部大数据发展中心，北京 100125
⁶ 新疆农业大学计算机与信息工程学院，新疆乌鲁木齐 830052

收稿日期:2025-08-02 接受日期:2025-10-10 出版日期:2026-06-26 发布日期:2026-06-26
通讯作者: 孔繁涛，E-mail：kongfantao@caas.cn；
孙伟，E-mail：sunwei02@caas.cn。
作者简介:张崧雪，E-mail：821012430529@caas.cn。

Green, Healthy, and Smart Beef Cattle Farming: Framework, Technologies, and Future Outlook

ZHANG SongXue¹^,²^,³, KONG FanTao²^,⁴^,^*(), WANG Yue⁵, CAO ShanShan²^,³, ZHANG ZhiYong²^,³^,⁴^,⁶, SUN Wei²^,³^,^*()

¹ Institute of Special Animal and Plant Sciences of CAAS, Changchun 130112, Jilin, China
² National Nanfan Research Institute (Sanya), Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Sanya 572024, China
³ Agricultural Information Institute of CAAS, Beijing 100081, China
⁴ Agricultural Economy and Social Development Institute, CAAS, Beijing 100081, China
⁵ Big Data Development Center, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People' s Republic of China, Beijing 100125, China
⁶ College of Computer and Information Engineering, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, Xinjiang, China

Received:2025-08-02 Accepted:2025-10-10 Published:2026-06-26 Online:2026-06-26

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

随着人工智能等新一代信息技术与畜牧养殖业的深度融合，肉牛养殖正朝着绿色、健康、智慧养殖方向转型。从肉牛养殖业务流与信息流融合的视角，以养殖全过程的“动态感知—精准管控—智能决策—应用反馈”为主线，构建肉牛绿色健康智慧养殖的整体框架，包含四个核心模块：动态感知与监测、智能管控与作业、智慧分析与决策、创新集成与示范，打造以数据驱动为核心、技术融合为支撑、智能装备为抓手、产业落地为导向的养殖体系；分析了实施该框架应具备的四项关键技术：智能感知与健康监测、生态环境绿色调控、精准饲喂与生物安全防控技术、智慧系统决策技术，总结归纳了关键技术的概念、最新进展及应用价值；从理论体系深化、关键技术迭代、应用场景适配、产业生态协同等方面，对肉牛智慧养殖的未来发展方向进行了展望，可为推进畜牧业高质量发展与现代化转型提供理论研究与实践参考。

关键词: 肉牛养殖, 智慧畜牧, 智能决策, 产业升级

Abstract:

With the deep integration of new-generation information technologies such as artificial intelligence into animal husbandry, beef cattle farming is undergoing a transformation toward green, healthy, and smart practices. From the perspective of integrating operational and informational flows, this paper constructs a comprehensive framework for smart beef cattle farming along the process of “dynamic sensing - precise control - intelligent decision-making - feedback application.” The framework comprises four core modules: dynamic sensing and monitoring, intelligent control and operations, smart analysis and decision-making, and innovative integration and demonstration. It aims to establish a farming system driven by data, supported by integrated technologies, enabled by intelligent equipment, and guided by industry applications. Four key technologies essential for implementation are analyzed: intelligent sensing and health monitoring, precision feeding and biosecurity control technology, and smart decision systems. Their concepts, recent advancements, and application values are summarized. Finally, future development directions are explored in terms of theoretical enhancement, technological iteration, scenario adaptability, and industrial ecosystem coordination, providing theoretical and practical references for the high-quality and modern transformation of animal husbandry.

Key words: beef cattle farming, smart animal husbandry, intelligent decision-making, industrial upgrading

张崧雪, 孔繁涛, 王越, 曹姗姗, 张志勇, 孙伟. 肉牛绿色健康智慧养殖：框架、技术与展望[J]. 农业大数据学报, 2026, 8(2): 199-211.

ZHANG SongXue, KONG FanTao, WANG Yue, CAO ShanShan, ZHANG ZhiYong, SUN Wei. Green, Healthy, and Smart Beef Cattle Farming: Framework, Technologies, and Future Outlook[J]. Journal of Agricultural Big Data, 2026, 8(2): 199-211.

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数据类型	主要采集指标	采集手段	主要应用场景
生态环境数据	温湿度、光照、风速、气体浓度（CO2、氨气）、尘埃、噪声、清洁度等	无线传感节点网络（温湿光气），数据网关采集，数字孪生建模，三维环境模拟与可视化系统	环境调控、舍内卫生治理、生态评估
生理健康数据	体温、心率、呼吸频率、瘤胃pH、生物标志物等	接触式传感器（如体温、压力、加速度传感器）、非接触式传感器（相机、热成像仪）	健康评估、发情鉴定、疾病预警、分娩预警、应激状态评估
身份与行为数据	面部特征、背部轮廓、耳标、体表斑纹、行为模式（如采食、反刍、站立等）	高清摄像头，图像检测算法（YOLO等），Re-ID个体再识别，时空特征提取模型，边缘端视频处理	个体识别、行为监测、发情/疾病行为预警
生长体征数据	体重、体长、体高、胸围、体表面积、体况评分（BCS）等	接触式称重测量系统、非接触式RGB/3D摄像头，多视角图像融合，点云建模，RFID标签触发采集	生长建模、体重预测、营养评估、选育管理

肉牛绿色健康智慧养殖：框架、技术与展望

Green, Healthy, and Smart Beef Cattle Farming: Framework, Technologies, and Future Outlook

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