天敌捕食螨资源调查、鉴定及保存方法

doi:10.19788/j.issn.2096-6369.000170

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

捕食螨可以捕食多种小型害虫和害螨，在农业生态系统和害虫生物防治过程中发挥了重要作用。在化学农药减量背景下，其资源开发与保护尤为重要。本文通过整理目前通用的捕食螨资源的分布、调查、鉴定及保存方法，探讨了捕食螨大数据研究现状与挑战，如传统鉴定方法的局限性、区域性覆盖不足及数据整合滞后等问题。随着分子技术、深度学习及AI智能技术的发展，未来可通过多技术融合驱动的资源开发、生态保护与可持续利用以及标准化与规范化建设，加强对捕食螨资源的调查与开发，以推动捕食螨在绿色农业中的应用。

关键词: 植绥螨, 分布范围, 种类鉴定, 资源开发, 保护技术

Abstract:

Predatory mites prey on a wide range of small insect pests and phytophagous mites and therefore play important roles in agricultural ecosystems and biological control. In the context of reduced reliance on chemical pesticides, the development, conservation, and utilization of predatory mites have become increasingly important. This review summarizes the current methods used for the distribution, field survey, identification, and preservation of predatory mites. And we discuss the current status and major challenges of big-data research on predatory mites, including the limitations of traditional identification methods, insufficient regional coverage, and delays in data integration. With the development of molecular techniques, deep learning, and artificial intelligence, future research should integrate multidisciplinary approaches to improve the discovery, characterization and utilization of predatory mite resources. Greater emphasis should also be placed on resource conservation and sustainable utilization, and on establishing standardized research and frameworks to facilitate the broader use of predatory mites in sustainable agriculture.

Key words: Phytoseiids, distribution, species identification, resource application, protection strategy

李冰艳, 王恩东, 徐学农, 张博. 天敌捕食螨资源调查、鉴定及保存方法[J]. 农业大数据学报, 2026, 8(3): 397-407.

LI BingYan, WANG EnDong, XU XueNong, ZHANG Bo. Methods for the Investigation, Identification, and Preservation of Predatory Mite Resources[J]. Journal of Agricultural Big Data, 2026, 8(3): 397-407.

参考文献 61

[1]	徐学农, 吕佳乐, 王恩东. 捕食螨在中国的研究与应用. 中国植保导刊, 2013, 33(10): 26-34.
	Xu X N, Lv J L, Wang E D. Review of research on predatory mites and its applications in China. China Plant Ptotection, 2013, 33(10): 26-34.
[2]	孙贝贝, 郑书恒, 梁铁双, 等. 几种常见捕食螨的研究与应用. 农业工程技术, 2020, 40(1): 20-23.
	Sun B B, Zheng S H, Liang T S, et al. Research and application of several common predatory mites. Agricultural Engineering Technology, 2020, 40(1): 20-23.
[3]	武海斌. 果园害虫天敌(五)--捕食螨. 落叶果树, 2018, 50(2): 66.
	Wu H B. Natural enemies of orchard pests V--Predatory mites. Deciduous Fruits, 2018, 50(2): 66.
[4]	Knapp M, Van Houten Y, Van Baal E, et al. Use of predatory mites in commercial biocontrol: current status and future prospects. Acarologia, 2018, 58(Suppl.): 72-82. doi: 10.24349/acarologia/20184275
[5]	Zhang X, Zhang S, Zhu Z, et al. Review of predatory mites as biocontrol agents against thrips in China. Zoosymposia, 2022, 22: 279-281. doi: 10.11646/zoosymposia.22.1
[6]	王恩东, 吕佳乐, 张博, 等. 智利小植绥螨商品化生产与应用. 中国生物防治学报, 2021, 37(4): 651-654. doi: 10.16409/j.cnki.2095-039x.2021.07.005
	Wang E D, Lv J L, Zhang B, et al. Commercial production and application of Phytoseiulus persimilis. Chinese Journal of Biological Control, 2021, 37(4): 651-654.
[7]	肖榕, 乙天慈, 郭建军, 等. 加州新小绥螨的研究进展. 应用昆虫学报, 2019, 56(4): 672-677.
	Xiao R, Yi T C, Guo J J, et al. Progress in research on Neoseiulus californicus (McGregor). Chinese Journal of Applied Entomology, 2019, 56(4): 672-677.
[8]	韩双, 韩冰, 赵文路, 等. 剑毛帕厉螨对韭菜迟眼蕈蚊的捕食作用. 植物保护, 2018, 44(4): 110-113+143.
	Han S, Han B, Zhao W L, et al. Predation of Bradysia odoriphagaby Stratiolaelaps scimitus. Plant Protection, 2018, 44(4): 110-113+143.
[9]	王恩东, 明蒙, 刘正玲, 等. 巴氏新小绥螨和剑毛帕厉螨与球孢白僵菌田间联合应用防治烟草西花蓟马. 中国生物防治学报, 2024, 40(6): 1243-1249. doi: 10.16409/j.cnki.2095-039x.2024.07.019
	Wang E D, Ming M, Liu Z L, et al. Field application of the combination of predatory mites Neoseiulus barkeri and Stratiolaelaps scimitus as well as entomogenous fungus Beauveria bassiana to control of western flower thrips Frankliniella occidentalis in the Tobacco Field. Chinese Journal of Biological Control, 2024, 40(6): 1243-1249.
[10]	伍祎. 马六甲肉食螨防控储粮害虫研究进展. 粮油食品科技, 2023, 31(5): 35-41.
	Wu W. The progress on the control of stored grain pests by Cheyletus malaccensis. Science and Technology of Cereals,Oils and Foods, 2023, 31(5): 35-41.
[11]	Cebolla R, Pekár S, Hubert J. Prey range of the predatory mite Cheyletus malaccensis (Acari: Cheyletidae) and its efficacy in the control of seven stored-product pests. Biological Control, 2009, 50(1): 1-6. doi: 10.1016/j.biocontrol.2009.03.008
[12]	Zhang Z. Parasitism of aphids (Homoptera: Aphididae) by larvae of Allothrombium pulvinum (Acari: Trombidiidae): host species selection, host size selection, and superparasitism. Systematic and Applied Acarology, 1996, 1(1): 55-63. doi: 10.11158/saa.1.1
[13]	Tixier M S. Predatory mites (Acari: Phytoseiidae) in agro-ecosystems and conservation biological control: a review and explorative approach for forecasting plant-predatory mite interactions and mite dispersal. Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution, 2018, 6: 192. doi: 10.3389/fevo.2018.00192
[14]	吴忠华, 周明, 段波, 等. 西双版纳橡胶树主要害螨及优势种螨类天敌种类调查. 热带作物学报, 2014, 35(3): 563-569.
	Wu Z H, Zhou M, Duan B, et al. A survey of main mites and natural enemies of the dominant mite on rubber trees in Xishuangbanna. Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops, 2014, 35(3): 563-569.
[15]	郝慧华, 李国寅, 崔志富, 等. 海南橡胶园捕食螨种类调查及优势种评价. 热带作物学报, 2020, 41(1): 141-147. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2020.01.020
	Hao H H, Li G Y, Cui Z F, et al. Investigation on predatory mites in rubber trees and evaluation of dominant species of predatory mites in Hainan. Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops, 2020, 41(1): 141-147. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2020.01.020
[16]	聂跃. 橡胶园生境害螨和捕食螨种类及3种叶螨的遗传多样性研究[D]. 海南大学, 2022.
	Nie Y. The species of phytoseiid and phytophagous mites and the genetic diversity of three major spider mites in rubberplantation[D]. Hainan University, 2022.
[17]	成玲玉. 新疆枣园害螨、天敌种类调查及天敌的捕食功能反应研究[D]. 新疆农业大学, 2014.
	Cheng LY, Study on pest mites and their natural enemies in Xinjiang jujube orchards and predation function response of the dominant natural enemies[D]. Xinjiang Agricultural University, 2014.
[18]	张格成, 李继祥. 中国柑桔上的捕食螨种类. 四川果树, 1996(3): 3-4.
	Zhang G C, Li J X. Predatory mite species on citrus in China. Sichuan Fruit Trees, 1996(3): 3-4.
[19]	贺成龙. 重庆市橘园捕食螨调查及两种捕食螨捕食能力的比较研究[D]. 西南大学, 2012.
	He C L. Investigation and comparisons of predation ability of two predacious acarids in citrus orchards in Chongqing[D]. Southwest University, 2012.
[20]	宋子伟, 郑苑, 张宝鑫, 等. 三种柑橘品种上捕食螨和柑橘全爪螨种群发生动态调查. 应用昆虫学报, 2022, 59(6): 1436-1446.
	Song Z W, Zheng Y, Zhang B X, et al. Population dynamics of predatory mites and citrus red mites on three different citrus varieties. Chinese Journal of Applied Entomology, 2022, 59(6): 1436-1446.
[21]	杨博惟, 谭皓月, 王冕, 等. 捕食螨在橘园害螨绿色防控中的应用及展望. 植物医学, 2024, 3(5): 8-17.
	Yang B W, Tan H Y, Wang M, et al. Application and prospect of predatory mites in green control of pest mites in citrus orchards. Plant Health and Medicine, 2024, 3(5): 8-17.
[22]	张辉, 李慧玲, 李良德, 等. 茶园捕食螨的研究进展. 茶叶学报, 2019, 60(1): 41-49.
	Zhang H, Li H L, Li L D, et al. Predatory mites at tea plantations. Acta Tea Sinica, 2019, 60(1): 41-49.
[23]	曾涛, 蒲天胜, 韦德卫. 广西药用植物上捕食螨种类调查报告. 广西植保, 1988(4): 43-45.
	Zeng T, Pu T S, Wei D W. Investigation of predatory mite species on medicinal plants in Guangxi. Guangxi Plant Protection, 1988(4): 43-45.
[24]	林莉, 梁帆, 胡学难. 广东地区香蕉螨类资源调查及种群动态研究. 广东农业科学, 2009(12): 98-101.
	Lin L, Liang F, Hu X N. Investigation of mite resources on banana and its population dynamics in Guangdong. Guangdong Agricultural Sciences, 2009(12): 98-101.
[25]	周爱农, 张孝羲. 江苏省果树和蔬菜的捕食螨优势种及其分布. 南京农业大学学报, 1989(3): 94-95.
	Zhou A N, Zhang X Y. Survey of dominant predatory mite species on fruit trees and vegetables in Jiangsu. Journal of Nanjing Agricultural University, 1989(3): 94-95.
[26]	鲁素玲, 王源岷, 徐筠. 新疆捕食螨种类调查初报. 石河子农学院学报, 1989(2): 59-64.
	Lu S L, Wang Y M, Xu Y. Preliminary survey report on predatory mite species in Xinjiang. Journal of Shihezi University (Natural Science), 1989(2): 59-64.
[27]	陈斌, 罗佑珍, 李正跃, 等. 云南省捕食螨种类及分布调查. 环境昆虫学报, 2001(4): 149-157.
	Chen B, Luo Y Z, Li Z Y, et al. Species and distribution of predatory mites in Yunnan. Journal of Environmental Entomology, 2001(4): 149-157.
[28]	李德伟, 蒋学建, 赵程劼. 玉林市受松突圆蚧危害松树的捕食性螨类调查. 安徽农业科学, 2011, 39(29): 17918-17919.
	Li D W, Jiang X J, Zhao C J. Species investigation of predacious mites on pines damaged by Hemiberlesia pitysophila Takagi in Yulin city. Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences, 2011, 39(29): 17918-17919.
[29]	张亚玲. 甘肃省捕食螨资源调查及有益真绥螨个体发育形态学研究[D]. 甘肃农业大学, 2012.
	Zhang Y L. An investigation of predatory mitesin Gansu province and ontogenetic study on Euseius utilis Liang et Ke[D]. Gansu Agricultural University, 2012.
[30]	Mendes J A, Lima D B, Monteiro N V, et al. Phytoseiid mites in cashew trees: diversity and seasonality. International Journal of Acarology, 2021, 47(4): 339-345. doi: 10.1080/01647954.2021.1908423
[31]	El Banhawy E M, Knapp M. Distribution of the predacious phytoseiid mites (Acari: Phytoseiidae) in the different geographical zones of Kenya: species diversity and abundance of mites. Systematic and Applied Acarology, 2009, 14(3):182-190. doi: 10.11158/saa.14.3
[32]	Miedema E. Survey of phytoseiid mites (Acari: Phytoseiidae) in orchards and surrounding vegetation of northwestern Europe, especially in the Netherlands. Keys, descriptions and figures. Netherlands Journal of Plant Pathology, 1987, 93 (Suppl.2): 1-63.
[33]	Vierbergen G B, Loomans A J M. Phytoseiidae in Dutch green space. Proceedings of the Netherlands Entomological Society Meeting, 2009, 20: 45-53.
[34]	Tixier M S, Douin M, Kreiter S. Phytoseiidae (Acari: Mesostigmata) on plants of the family Solanaceae: results of a survey in the south of France and a review of world biodiversity. Experimental and Applied Acarology, 2020, 81(3): 357-388. doi: 10.1007/s10493-020-00507-0 pmid: 32524213
[35]	Takahashi F, And Chant D A. Phylogenetic relationships in the genus Phytoseiulus Evans (Acari: Phytoseiidae). I. Geographic distribution. International Journal of Acarology, 1993, 19(1): 15-22. doi: 10.1080/01647959308683534
[36]	Lima D B, Rezende-Puker D, Mendonça R S, et al. Molecular and morphological characterization of the predatory mite Amblyseius largoensis (Acari: Phytoseiidae): surprising similarity between an Asian and American populations. Experimental and Applied Acarology, 2018, 76(3): 287-310. doi: 10.1007/s10493-018-0308-1
[37]	Antunes T J, Lopes E R N, Nuvoloni F M. Effect of latitudinal gradient on plant mite communities: disentangling the role of environmental and spatial processes on predators and phytophagous mites. Acta Oecologica, 2025, 129: 104133. doi: 10.1016/j.actao.2025.104133
[38]	Stålstedt J, Łaydanowicz J, Lehtinen P T, et al. Checklist of terrestrial Parasitengona mites in Fennoscandia with new species- and distribution records (Acariformes: Prostigmata). Biodiversity Data Journal, 2019, 7: e36094.
[39]	Demite P R, McMurtry J A, Moraes G J D. Phytoseiidae database: a website for taxonomic and distributional information on phytoseiid mites (Acari). Zootaxa, 2014, 3795(5): 571-577.
[40]	吴伟南, 方小端. 植绥螨系统学及其对有害生物的治理[M]. 广东: 广东科技出版社, 2021.
	Wu W N, Fang X D. Phytoseiidae systematics and management of pests[M]. Guangdong: Guangdong Science and Technology Press, 2021.
[41]	吴伟南, 欧剑峰, 黄静玲. 中国动物志无脊椎动物第四十七卷蜱螨亚纲植绥螨科[M]. 北京: 科学出版社, 2009.
	Wu W N, Ou J F, Huang J L. Fauna Sinica, Invertebrates, vol. 47, Acari, Phytoseiidae[M]. Beijing: Science China Press, 2009.
[42]	李洞洞, 乙天慈, 朱群, 等. 贵州植绥螨资源及其资源特性分析. 山地农业生物学报, 2021, 40(4): 1-11.
	Li D D, Yi T C, Zhu Q, et al. Phytoseiid mite resources in Guizhou and their resource characteristics. Journal of Mountain Agriculture and Biology, 2021, 40(4): 1-11.
[43]	Liu Y, Ren F X, Fan Q H, et al. The Genus Neoseiulus Hughes (Acari: Phytoseiidae) in Shanxi, China. Animals, 2023, 13(9):1478. doi: 10.3390/ani13091478
[44]	Ma M, Fan Q H, Li S C. Typhlodromus Scheuten (Acari: Phytoseiidae) from Shanxi province of China. Systematic & Applied Acarology, 2016, 21(12): 1614-1630.
[45]	De Moraes G J, McMurtry J A, Denmark H A, et al. A revised catalog of the mite family Phytoseiidae. Zootaxa, 2004, 1(434):1-494. DOI:10.11646/zootaxa.434.1.1.
[46]	吕佳乐, 徐学农, 等. 常见捕食螨识别与资源采集[M]. 北京: 中国农业科学技术出版社, 2022.
	Lv J L, Xu X N, et al. Identification and collection of predatory mites[M]. Beijing: China Agricultural Science and Technology Press, 2022.
[47]	吾玛尔·阿布力孜. 土壤螨类的采集与玻片标本的制作. 生物学通报, 2012, 47(1): 57-59.
	Wumaer Ablz. Methods for soil mite collection and microscope slide preparation. Bulletin of Biology, 2012, 47(1): 57-59.
[48]	Walzer A, Blümel S, Schausberger P. Population dynamics of interacting predatory mites, Phytoseiulus persimilis and Neoseiulus californicus, held on detached bean leaves. Experimental & Applied Acarology, 2001, 25(9): 731-743.
[49]	Liao J R, Chiu M C, Kuo M H. Reassessing the presence of alien predatory mites and their prospects in the face of future climate change. Pest Management Science, 2023, 79(12): 5186-5196. doi: 10.1002/ps.v79.12
[50]	Chen L, Jiang C, Zhang X, et al. Prediction of the potential distribution of the predatory mite Neoseiulus californicus (McGregor) in China under current and future climate scenarios. Scientific Reports, 2022, 12(1): 11807. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-15308-1 pmid: 35821252
[51]	Nascimento J M D, Silva D E, Juchem C F, et al. Predator-prey relationship in the vertical distribution of mites on grapevines. Acta Scientiarum. Agronomy, 2022, 44: e53136.
[52]	Richard S, Rugman-Jones P, Lara J R. Identification of predatory mites associated with persea Mite in Mexico and genetic analyses of native and invasive persea mite populations. California Avocado Commission, 2014: 1-14.
[53]	Okassa M, Marie-Stephane T, Kreiter S. Morphological and molecular diagnostics of Phytoseiulus persimilis and Phytoseiulus macropilis (Acari: Phytoseiidae). Experimental and Applied Acarology, 2010, 52(3): 291-303. doi: 10.1007/s10493-010-9364-x
[54]	Yang T, Song X, Zhong Y, et al. Field investigation- and dietary metabarcoding-based screening of arthropods that prey on primary tea pests. Ecology and Evolution, 2022, 12(7): e9060. doi: 10.1002/ece3.9060 pmid: 35813924
[55]	Yoneya K, Ushio M, Miki T. Non-destructive collection and metabarcoding of arthropod environmental DNA remained on a terrestrial plant. Scientific Reports, 2023, 13(1): 7125. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-32862-4 pmid: 37173307
[56]	Yang C, Bohmann K, Wang X, et al. Biodiversity Soup II: A bulk‐sample metabarcoding pipeline emphasizing error reduction. Methods in Ecology and Evolution, 2021, 12(7): 1252-1264. doi: 10.1111/mee3.v12.7
[57]	Tixier M S, Douin M, Lopes I, et al. Genetic diversity of the predatory mite Amblyseius swirskii Athias-Henriot (Acari: Phytoseiidae) with an overview of its distribution and implications for biological control. Biological Control, 2022, 168: 104841. doi: 10.1016/j.biocontrol.2022.104841
[58]	Syromyatnikov M Y, Kokina A V, Belyakova N A, et al. A simple molecular method for rapid identification of commercially used Amblyseius and Neoseiulus species (Acari: Phytoseiidae). Zootaxa, 2018, 4394(2): 270-278. doi: 10.11646/zootaxa.4394.2.9 pmid: 29690376
[59]	Evangelou V, Bouga M, Papadoulis G. Molecular identification of all life stages of the predatory mite Iphiseius degenerans (Acari: Phytoseiidae) using 12S rDNA. International Journal of Acarology, 2016, 42: 331-333. doi: 10.1080/01647954.2016.1194469
[60]	赵海明, 唐良德, 胡美英, 等. 捕食螨的抗药性研究进展. 中国生物防治学报, 2012, 28(2): 282-288.
	Zhao H M, Tang L D, Hu M Y, et al. Research progresses on pesticides resistance of predatory mites. Chinese Journal of Biological Control, 2012, 28(2): 282-288.
[61]	Fountain M T, Medd N. Integrating pesticides and predatory mites in soft fruit crops. Phytoparasitica, 2015, 43(5): 657-667. doi: 10.1007/s12600-015-0485-y