云南地方小麦种质资源条锈病抗性鉴定与抗病基因分子检测

doi:10.19788/j.issn.2096-6369.230205

农业大数据学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 5 ›› Issue (2): 27-35.doi: 10.19788/j.issn.2096-6369.230205

• “共享杯”农业科学专业赛优秀作品 • 上一篇下一篇

云南地方小麦种质资源条锈病抗性鉴定与抗病基因分子检测

陈丹¹(), 杜娟²(), 周国雁¹, 武晓阳¹, 白晓东³, 伍少云^1,^*(), 蔡青^1,^*()

1.云南省农业科学院生物技术与种质资源研究所/国家农作物种质资源库-云南分库/农业农村部西南作物基因资源与种质创制重点实验室/云南省农业生物技术重点实验室，昆明 650205
2.普洱学院生物与化学学院，云南普洱 665000
3.云南省楚雄州武定县猫街镇农业农村服务中心，云南楚雄 651607

收稿日期:2023-05-10 出版日期:2023-06-26 发布日期:2023-08-15
通讯作者: 伍少云,蔡青
作者简介:陈丹，博士，研究方向：作物种质资源保存与评价；E-mail：xiaoyezi09@163.com。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(32260477);云南省基础研究计划项目-面上项目(2019FB054);财政部国家科技资源共享服务平台-云南农作物种质资源收集保存与共享利用(NCGRC-2022-030);云南省重大科技专项(生物医药)子项目-生物资源数字化开发应用(202002AA100007);2022年省农业发展专项资金-现代种业发展项目-云南省省级农作物种质资源库建设

Identification of Stripe Rust Resistance and Molecular Detection of Resistance Genes in Yunnan Wheat Landrace Germplasm Resources

CHEN Dan¹(), DU Juan²(), ZHOU GuoYan¹, WU XiaoYang¹, BAI XiaoDong³, WU ShaoYun^1,^*(), CAI Qing^1,^*()

1. Institute of Biotechnology and Germplasm Resources, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences/National Crop Germplasm Bank-Yunnan Branch/Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Enhancement in Southwest China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Yunnan Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biotechnology, Kunming 650205, China
2. School of Biology and Chemistry, Pu'er University, Pu'er 665000, Yunnan, China
3. Wuding County Maojie Town Agricultural and Rural Service Center, Chuxiong 651607, Yunnan, China

Received:2023-05-10 Online:2023-06-26 Published:2023-08-15
Contact: WU ShaoYun,CAI Qing

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

作物种质资源深入鉴定是育种利用的前提和基础。云南省农作物种质资源库保存了丰富的云南地方小麦种质资源，但其条锈病抗性特征尚不明确。本研究通过开展田间成株期条锈病抗性鉴定及3个已知抗病基因Yr5、Yr10、Yr15的基因型分析，明确云南省农作物种质资源库保存的260份云南地方小麦种质资源条锈病抗性水平及3个已知抗病基因位点分布，为小麦条锈病优异抗性资源筛选与抗病基因发掘利用提供理论参考。结果表明：260份云南地方小麦种质资源在2022年嵩明试验点的田间成株期条锈病抗性表现免疫和近免疫材料38份，占14.62%；高抗材料93份，占35.77%；中抗材料46份，占17.69%；中感和高感材料83份，占31.92%。同时利用毛细管电泳检测技术，明确260份云南地方小麦种质资源中携带Yr10抗病基因的材料为11份，占比为4.23%，携带Yr5和Yr15抗病基因的材料均为0份。综上，260份云南地方小麦资源中具有较为丰富的条锈病抗性材料，免疫、近免疫及高抗材料占比为50.39%，并且未检测出已知抗病基因Yr5和Yr15，推测上述材料很可能携带有未知抗病新基因。

关键词: 云南地方小麦资源, 条锈病, 抗性鉴定

Abstract:

In-depth identification of crop germplasm resources is the premise and basis for breeding and utilization. The Crop Genebank of Yunnan Province has preserved abundant wheat germplasm resources in Yunnan, but the resistance characteristics of stripe rust are still unclear. In this study, 260 Yunnan landrace wheat germplasm resources preserved in the Crop Genebank were determined by carrying out the identification of stripe rust resistance at adult plant stage in the field and the genotype analysis of three known resistance genes Yr5, Yr10 and Yr15, to clear the resistance level of stripe rust and the distribution of three known resistance genes Yr5, Yr10 and Yr15, which provided a theoretical reference for the screening of excellent resistance resources and the exploration and utilization of resistance genes. The results showed that 38 of 260 Yunnan landrace wheat germplasm resources showed immune and near immune resistance to stripe rust at adult stage in Songming experimental site in 2022, accounting for 14.62 %. There were 93 high resistance materials, accounting for 35.77 %, 46 medium resistance materials, accounting for 17.69 %, and 83 medium and high susceptible materials, accounting for 31.92 %. At the same time, using capillary electrophoresis detection technology, there were 11 materials carrying Yr10 resistance gene in 260 Yunnan landrace wheat germplasm resources, accounting for 4.23 %, and 0 materials carrying Yr5 and Yr15 resistance genes. In summary, 260 Yunnan landrace wheat resources are rich in stripe rust resistance materials. The proportion of immune, near immune and high resistance materials are 50.39 %, and resistance genes Yr5 and Yr15 are undetected. It is speculated that the above materials are likely to carry unknown new resistance genes.

Key words: Yunnan landrace wheat resources, rust disease, resistance identification

陈丹, 杜娟, 周国雁, 武晓阳, 白晓东, 伍少云, 蔡青. 云南地方小麦种质资源条锈病抗性鉴定与抗病基因分子检测[J]. 农业大数据学报, 2023, 5(2): 27-35.

CHEN Dan, DU Juan, ZHOU GuoYan, WU XiaoYang, BAI XiaoDong, WU ShaoYun, CAI Qing. Identification of Stripe Rust Resistance and Molecular Detection of Resistance Genes in Yunnan Wheat Landrace Germplasm Resources[J]. Journal of Agricultural Big Data, 2023, 5(2): 27-35.

图/表 6

表1

表2

表3

表4

表5

云南地方小麦种质资源中Yr5、Yr10和Yr15基因位点的分布"

供试材料种质编号	Yr5	Yr10	Yr15	供试材料种质编号	Yr5	Yr10	Yr15	供试材料种质编号	Yr5	Yr10	Yr15	供试材料种质编号	Yr5	Yr10	Yr15
供试材料种质编号	wmc175	xpsp3000	barc8	供试材料种质编号	wmc175	xpsp3000	barc8	供试材料种质编号	wmc175	xpsp3000	barc8	供试材料种质编号	wmc175	xpsp3000	barc8
2107				2469				2863				3253
2112				2474				2868				3258
2117				2494				2873				3263
2132				2509				2878				3268
2137				2514				2883				3273
2142				2519				2888				3278
2147				2524				2893				3283
2152				2529				2898				3288
2157				2534				2903				3293
2162				2539				2908				3298
2167				2544				2913				3303
2172				2549				2918				3308
2177				2554				2928				3313
2192				2559				2933				3318
2197				2564				2938				3323
2202				2574				2943				3327
2207				2579				2948				3332
2212				2584				2968				3342
2217				2589				2973				3347
2222				2594				2978				3352
2227				2599				2983				3357
2232				2604				2988				3362
2237				2609				2993				3367
2242				2614				2998				3372
2247				2624				3003				3377
2252				2629		+		3008				3387
2257				2634				3018				3392
2262				2639				3023				3397
2267				2644		+		3028				3407
2272				2649		+		3033				3412
2277				2654				3038				3417
2282				2659				3043				3427
2287				2664				3048				3432
2292				2674				3053				3437
2297				2679				3058				3446
2302				2684				3063				3451
2307				2689				3073				3455
2312				2694				3078				3460
2317				2698				3083				3465
2322				2703				3088				3470
2332				2707				3093				3475
2337				2711				3098				3480
2341				2716				3103				3485
2346				2721				3113				3490
2351				2726				3118				3495
2355				2731				3123				3500
2360				2741				3128				3505
2364				2746				3133				3510		+
2369				2756				3138				3515		+
2374				2761		+		3148				3520		+
2379				2766		+		3153				3524
2384				2770				3158				3529
2394				2775				3163				3534
2399				2784				3168				3539
2404				2799				3173				3544
2409				2809				3178		+		3549
2414				2814				3183				3554
2419				2819				3188				3559
2424				2824				3193				3564
2429				2829				3203				3569		+
2434				2834				3208				3579
2439				2838		+		3213				3584
2444				2843				3218				Avocet S	-	-	-
2449				2848				3223				阳性对照	+	+	+
2459				2853				3238
2464				2858				3243

表5

表6

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侵染型	病情指数	抗性评价
0	—	免疫 (I)
0；	—	近免疫 (NIM)
1	—	高抗 (HR)
2	—	中抗 (MR)
3~4	≤25	慢锈 (SR)
3	>25	中感 (MS)
4	>25	高感 (HS)

基因	标记名称	引物序列	连锁距离(cM)	退火温度(℃)	5'修饰	文献
Yr5	wmc175	F:GCTCAGTCAAACCGCTACTTCT R:CACTACTCCAATCTATCGCCGT	1.4、9	60	FAM	[11?-13]
Yr10	xpsp3000	F:GCAGACCTGTGTCATTGGTC R:GATATAGTGGCAGCAGGATACG	1.88	57	HEX	[14]
Yr15	barc8	F:GCGGGAATCATGCATAGGAAAACAGAA R:GCGGGGGCGAAACATACACATAAAAACA	9.00	50	TAMAR	[15]

种质编号 No.	侵染型	普遍率 (%)	平均严重度 (%)	病情指数
2107	1-	100.00	3.00	0.03
2112	1	100.00	1.00	0.01
2117	2	100.00	15.00	0.15
2132	4	100.00	75.00	0.75
2137	3+	95.24	21.00	0.20
2142	2+	31.82	3.00	0.01
2147	0；	0.00	0.00	0
2152	3+	95.65	39.00	0.38
2157	1	66.67	4.00	0.03
2162	3	81.82	31.00	0.25
2167	2+	100.00	13.00	0.13
2172	0	0.00	0.00	0
2177	3+	100.00	40.00	0.40
2192	1-	100.00	2.00	0.02
2197	3+	100.00	65.00	0.65
2202	3+	100.00	0.38	0.38
2207	1-	5.00	0.00	0
2212	0；	0.00	0.00	0
2217	3	100.00	44.00	0.44
2222	1-	75.00	1.00	0.01
2227	1-	75.00	1.00	0.01
2232	4	100.00	91.00	0.91
Avocet S6/Yr5*	0	0.00	0.00	0
Avocet S6/Yr10*	2	8.00	100.00	0.08
Avocet S6/Yr15*	0	0.00	0.00	0
Avocet S	4	100.00	100.00	1

种质资源	抗性类型
种质资源	免疫/近免疫	高抗	中抗	感病	总计
数量	38.00	93.00	46.00	83.00	260
占比（%）	14.62	35.77	17.69	31.92	100

种质资源	携带目标条带类型
种质资源	Yr5	Yr10	Yr15	无带	合计
数量	0	11.00	0	249.00	260
占比（%）	0	4.23	0	95.77	100

云南地方小麦种质资源条锈病抗性鉴定与抗病基因分子检测

Identification of Stripe Rust Resistance and Molecular Detection of Resistance Genes in Yunnan Wheat Landrace Germplasm Resources

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