大豆振兴计划背景下黑龙江省县域尺度大豆种植结构研究

doi:10.19788/j.issn.2096-6369.230207

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

黑龙江省是我国重要的大豆生产基地。研究黑龙江省大豆的种植结构和动态变化，能够为优化大豆生产模式，调节生产布局，加快农业供给性结构改革提供参考依据。本研究基于Sentinel-2卫星影像提取了黑龙江省海伦市2018—2020年的大豆种植空间分布信息，分析了该市大豆种植结构动态变化及重迎茬情况。结果发现：一方面，海伦市大豆种植面积在大豆振兴计划实施第一年（2019年）即实现了大幅提升，面积变化率为53.07%，次年（2020年）虽小幅回落，但总量仍较2018年增加了30.46%；另一方面，大豆的重茬情况较为严重。2019、2020年大豆重茬情况比较严重，且2020年重于2019年、市西部地区重于东部地区。同时，2018—2020年连续三年重茬情况在整个海伦市整体偏高；在迎茬方面，2020年海伦市大豆迎茬情况普遍偏低。由此认为，大豆振兴计划显著提升了海伦市的大豆种植面积，然而也伴随产生了较为普遍和严重的重茬现象，存在一定的生产隐患。

关键词: 大豆振兴计划, 种植面积, 变化趋势

Abstract:

Heilongjiang Province is an important base of soybean production in China. The study on the soybean planting structure and dynamic changes in the Heilongjiang Province can provides a reference for optimizing the production mode, adjusting the production layout and accelerating the reform of agricultural supply structure. Based on Sentinel-2 satellite and RS and GIS technology, this paper extracted soybean spatial distribution information in Hailun City, Heilongjiang Province in 2018, 2019 and 2020, then analyzed the dynamic change of soybean planting structure and recropping. The results show: 1) In the first year of the implementation of the Soybean Revitalization Plan in 2019, the soybean planting area in Hailun City increased significantly, with a change rate of 53.07%; In 2020, soybean planting area decreased slightly, but the total amount increased by 30.46% compared with that in 2018. 2) The soybean continuous cropping rate in 2019 and 2020 was high, with the rate higher in 2020 than that in 2019, and higher in the west of Hailun than in the east. From 2018 to 2020, the rate of soybean crop for three consecutive years was higher in Hailun City as a whole. The rate of soybean continuous cropping every other year in Hailun City was on the low side. Since the implementation of the Soybean Revitalization Plan, the soybean planting area increased significantly, yet resulting in high rate of continuous cropping and low rate of continuous cropping every other year.

Key words: soybean revitalization plan, planting area, changing trend

辛蕊, 陆忠军, 付斌, 王婷, 黄楠, 刘克宝, 刘艳霞. 大豆振兴计划背景下黑龙江省县域尺度大豆种植结构研究[J]. 农业大数据学报, 2023, 5(2): 44-53.

XIN Rui, LU ZhongJun, FU Bin, WANG Ting, HUANG Nan, LIU KeBao, LIU YanXia. Study on the Change of Soybean Planting Structure in Heilongjiang Province Under the Background of Soybean Revitalization Plan at County Level[J]. Journal of Agricultural Big Data, 2023, 5(2): 44-53.

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波段	波段名称	中心波长 (μm)	分辨率 (m)
1	海岸/气溶胶波段	0.443	60
2	蓝光波段	0.490	10
3	绿光波段	0.560	10
4	红光波段	0.665	10
5	红边波段1	0.705	20
6	红边波段2	0.740	20
7	红边波段3	0.783	20
8	近红外波段	0.842	10
8a	红边波段4	0.865	20
9	水蒸气波段	0.945	60
10	短波红外波段1	1.375	60
11	短波红外波段2	1.610	20
12	短波红外波段3	2.190	20

影像名称	轨道号	成像时间	分辨率 (m)	云量覆盖率 (%)
Sentinel2A_51tyn_20180819_albers	51tyn	2018年8月19日	10	0.21
Sentinel2A_52tct_20180819_albers	52tct	2018年8月19日	10	0.51
Sentinel2A_52tct_20180901_albers	52tct	2018年9月1日	10	1.28
Sentinel2A_51tyn_20190804_albers	51tyn	2019年8月4日	10	1.94
Sentinel2A_52tct_20190804_albers	52tct	2019年8月4日	10	5.81
Sentinel2A_51tyn_20200821_albers	51tyn	2020年8月21日	10	0.53
Sentinel2A_52tct_20200821_albers	52tct	2020年8月21日	10	1.12
Sentinel2B_52tct_20200724_albers	52tct	2020年7月24日	10	0

误差矩阵		真实值
误差矩阵		大豆	其他作物
预测值	大豆	404	31
预测值	其他作物	9	148