蒙古高原是我国北方重要生态屏障，蒙古国生态功能的稳定与健康对于深入了解全球气候变暖的区域植被响应特征及筑牢我国北方生态屏障具有重要的理论与现实意义。植被覆盖度（FVC）是指评估地表植被覆盖程度的指标，通常用于衡量植被对地表的覆盖情况，是评价草原生态系统健康的重要指标之一，对及时监测草原植被的变化情况、发现草原退化和恢复的趋势具有重要意义。植被覆盖度的变化直接影响土壤侵蚀和水土流失，监测和控制植被覆盖度有助于减缓土壤侵蚀速度，维护草原生态系统的稳定性。本研究旨在生成并验证1990年至2022年间空间分辨率为1/12°的年度FVC数据集，以反映长时间序列下蒙古国植被覆盖度空间分布情况。为确保数据集的准确性和可靠性，研究结合了MOD13Q1数据进行计算校准和验证，以确保FVC计算的精度。本研究通过植被覆盖度数据集的构建，为蒙古国草原生态系统的保护与管理提供了科学依据。

The Mongolian Plateau, a crucial ecological barrier in Northern China, necessitates stable and healthy ecological functions in Mongolia for understanding regional vegetation's response to global warming and reinforcing our northern ecological defenses. Fractional Vegetation Cover (FVC) is an indicator used to assess the extent of vegetation cover on the Earth's surface. It is commonly utilized to measure the coverage provided by vegetation, serving as a crucial metric for evaluating the health of grassland ecosystems. Monitoring changes in FVC is significant for promptly detecting trends in grassland degradation and recovery. Variations in FVC directly impact soil erosion and water loss, and monitoring and controlling FVC can help slow down soil erosion and maintain the stability of grassland ecosystems. This study aims to generate and validate an annual FVC dataset with a spatial resolution of 1/12° spanning from 1990 to 2022, with the objective of comprehensively reflecting the distribution of vegetation cover in Mongolia over an extended temporal series. To ensure the accuracy and reliability of the dataset, the study integrated MOD13Q1 data for computational calibration and validation, thereby guaranteeing the precision of FVC calculations. By constructing this FVC dataset, the study provides a scientific basis for the conservation and management of the grassland ecosystem in Mongolia.

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