Abstract: In recent years, the continuous development of large-scale poultry farming has brought new challenges, especially under the pressure of vaccine immunization, the pathogens of major chicken diseases such as H9N2 subtype avian influenza and infectious bronchitis in chickens have mutated to varying degrees. The incidence of epidemic diseases in 2024 is still high compared with 2023, so in order to deeply analyze the epidemic trends of major chicken diseases in 2024, this research dataset collected 2135 samples of clinically suspected cases from 15 provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions in China, including Shandong and Henan. Through PCR detection technology, combined with the clinical symptoms of suspected cases and pathological autopsy changes, a comprehensive laboratory diagnosis was made for the suspected cases sent for testing in 2024. Subsequently, for those pathogens that are seriously harmful, key genes were selected for sequencing analysis. The purpose of this dataset is to reveal the epidemic pattern of major chicken diseases in 2024, in order to lay a solid data foundation for future disease prevention and control.

Key words: chicken, major diseases, epidemic dynamics, China