The digital economy is a new form of economic and social development that arose after the agricultural economy and industrial economy, and it is one of the important engines leading global economic growth. The digital economy has become the most active area of China's economic development and an effective way to achieve sustainable economic development. Agriculture is the basic industry in China, and digital agriculture is an important part of China's digital economy. The development of digital agriculture is conducive to the realization of accurate decision-making and guidance in agricultural production, the promotion of agricultural competitiveness, and the sharing of digital economic development dividends among all farmers. The key factor of production in the digital economy is digital knowledge and information, namely digital resources. Digital resources in agricultural and rural areas include information such as databases, electronic documents, pictures, videos, web pages, and remote sensing images. At present, China's agricultural and rural informatization level is not high, and digital resources are relatively scarce. There are some practical problems in agricultural and rural digital resources, such as decentralization, inconsistent standards, and a lack of a digital resource management system covering the whole life cycle of data. It is necessary to carry out research and design work on the architecture of agricultural and rural digital resources, establish relevant standards and norms from a top-level perspective, improve and enhance the organizational form of digital resources, and build a blueprint for agricultural and rural digital resources. This paper analyses the classification of agricultural and rural digital resources by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations(FAO) United States Department of Agriculture(USDA) and designs the whole life cycle of digital resources covering agriculture and the countryside. This life cycle includes planning, design, collection, storage, processing, management, service, and use of data. Further, this paper establishes the architecture of digital resources in agriculture and the countryside. It focuses on the structure of an agricultural and rural thematic database, and presents the key construction tasks and development suggestions for improving the agricultural and rural digital resources system.