Digital village is an important measure to achieve rural revitalization and the modernization of agriculture and rural areas. However, in the process of digital rural development, a large number of important data related to agricultural production, business, scientific research and management are faced with a complex and severe data security situation. We must coordinate the development and security, and strengthen the management and technical protection of data security, and construct the line of data security in agricultural and rural areas. By comprehensively analyzing the risks of data confidentiality, integrity and availability faced by the construction of smart agriculture, the digital governance of rural society and the digital construction of agriculture sector in the digital village, the paper proposes to balance the relationship between data value mining and security protection, and build a comprehensive governance system for data security from the aspects of top-level design, the security of terminal facilities, network security, application security, the technical protection system and safeguards. By establishing a long-term governance mechanism, improving institutional norms, ensuring the security of agricultural terminal facilities, enhancing the capability of active defense, dynamic defense and precise defense to ensure network security and reliability, strengthening security protection of information systems related to production control, business management and government affairsm, establishing a technical protection system covering the data lifecycle, and implementing safeguard measures from data security risk assessment, supervision and talent training, the development of digital villages is escorted.