Fruit tree resources are a germplasm resource with high economic and ecological benefits. China's deciduous fruit tree variety resources are strategic national agricultural resources, and collecting and preserving deciduous fruit tree variety germplasm resources is the basis for carrying out excellent variety selection and breeding, which can provide more excellent primary materials for fruit tree resource breeders to select and breed excellent fruit tree varieties. The dataset collects data on the serial number, survey number, variety name, variety Latin name, sample type, tree species to which they belong, name, telephone number and address of the provider and surveyor, survey location, altitude, latitude and longitude, habitat information, plant condition, botanical characteristics, fruit traits, biological habits and variety evaluation of 13 deciduous fruit tree farm varieties. The specifications and data standards tabulated the basic traits of fruit trees for the Description of Fruit Tree Germplasm Resources. The survey results and data of all resources were obtained by experts of the relevant tree species who visited the location of the farm variety resources for several field surveys. The information on identifying fruit tree farm variety resources was referred to the Chinese Plant Species Database. The data obtained were formed into a standardized data set by the specified remittance format and named "2012—2017. The data were collected according to the specified ren-dezvous format to form a standardized dataset named "2012—2017 National Deciduous Fruit Tree Farm Variety Resource Survey Dataset". This dataset contains the resources of deciduous fruit tree farming varieties that are in danger of extinction and have specific agronomic traits in China, which can provide data support for conserving fruit tree resources and breeding research in China.