In order to protect network security, eliminate potential risks, ensure the safe and stable operation of network infrastructure and information systems, this paper aims to build a network security situation awareness monitoring and analysis platform for the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, to realize network security situation awareness, traffic anomaly monitoring, incident safety warning, attack tracking, panoramic visual display, effectively responding various network security threats and challenges. The platform relies on big data technology and machine learning algorithms to conduct global network security situation assessment, eliminate threat anomalies, and handle attack events, thereby improving network security protection capabilities, it has achieved standardization of multi-source heterogeneous network security data, network server logs, traffic data of key nodes, management data, implemented global network security situational awareness that integrates network intrusion, horizontal threats, attacker tracing, asset threats, and application security, realized the visualization display of the entire process of security defense, including network security status, attack monitoring and disposal, realized the integration of network security defense, effectively ensuring the normal operation of business systems, effectively preventing destructive activities caused by viruses and Trojans, greatly improving the ability to quickly detect and respond to major network security incidents, and providing efficient protection measures for network security protection. Through the construction of the network security situational awareness monitoring and analysis platform of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, an effective path that can be replicated and promoted for network security data governance and integrated security monitoring and defense has been explored, and its construction ideas provide practical reference for provincial agricultural and rural departments.