As an important policy to strengthen and benefit agriculture, the agricultural machinery purchase subsidy policy has a profound impact on many parties, such as new agricultural business entities, agricultural production, and the agricultural machinery industry. Through the collection of national agricultural machinery purchase and subsidy data, we can grasp the differences and trends in the purchase of agricultural machinery in various regions. We can then reasonably assess the impact of the policy, adjust the policy objectives and content, promote the healthy development of the agricultural machinery market, and better assist the construction of a strong agricultural country. At present, the Department of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of each province in China, through the information disclosure column of agricultural machinery purchase subsidies, releases data related to agricultural machinery purchase in real time. Through network crawling and processing, this dataset covers the subsidy data on the purchase and application of agricultural machinery in 23 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the central government) such as Beijing, Tianjin, Shanxi, etc. in 2021-2022, totaling 222,6229 items. This dataset can be used to analyze the characteristics and differences of the purchase of agricultural machinery and the subsidy distribution in different regions, and provide a data basis for related scientific research and management decision-making.