Agriculture is the most fundamental and representative traditional industry, and accelerating the construction of an agricultural powerhouse requires the cultivation and development of new quality productive forces in agriculture. Digital technology is the leading force of the new round of scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation, and comprehensively promoting the integration of digital agriculture will become an important focus for accelerating the formation of new quality productive forces in agriculture. This article studies the scientific connotation of new quality productive forces, the basic characteristics of agricultural new quality productive forces, the realistic needs, development trends, and key directions of smart agriculture construction, combining domestic and foreign literature, statistical data, and survey results. It proposes measures to promote the construction of smart agriculture and accelerate the formation of new quality productive forces in agriculture. China's smart agriculture construction is moving from "scenic spots" to "scenery," and has entered a new stage of synergistic and efficient integration of big data, IoT, blockchain, artificial intelligence, satellite remote sensing, and BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (BDS) and other modern information technologies.It is necessary to start from key industries and accelerate the formation of a favorable ecological environment for the development of smart agriculture. We should regard smart agriculture as an important lever for advancing the construction of an agricultural powerhouse, addressing the biggest constraint factor of data, promoting the deep integration of modern information technology with agricultural industries, cultivating a high-quality innovative workforce, fully leveraging the role of enterprises as the main innovation actors, strengthening key core technology R&D, aligning with the development trends of digitalization and greenization, and accelerating the cultivation and development of new agricultural productive forces.