农业大数据学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 6 ›› Issue (2): 161-169.doi: 10.19788/j.issn.2096-6369.000031

• “面向高质量共享的科学数据安全”专刊(上) • 上一篇    下一篇

国际科技组织与国际科技合作计划中的科学数据安全治理

李宜展1,2(), 董璐1, 王东瑶3, 张鸿2, 王志强2, 魏韧1, 李泽霞1,2,*()   

  1. 1.中国科学院文献情报中心,北京 100190
    2.中国科学院大学经济与管理学院信息资源管理系,北京 100190
    3.中国科学院国际合作局,北京 100864
  • 收稿日期:2024-02-02 接受日期:2024-04-25 出版日期:2024-06-26 发布日期:2024-07-03
  • 通讯作者: 李泽霞,E-mail:lizexia@mail.las.ac.cn
  • 作者简介:李宜展,E-mail: liyz@mail.las.ac.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家社科基金青年项目“科学数据安全边界研究”(编号22CTQ031);中国科学院地球系统科学国际合作开放创新数据安全管理项目“地球系统科学国际数据安全管理咨询”(编号E3900421);中国科学院国际合作与国际化发展战略研究中心建设重点项目(编号E4290401)

Governance of Scientific Data Sharing within International Organizations and International Science and Technology Project

LI YiZhan1,2(), DONG Lu1, WANG DongYao3, ZHANG Hong2, WANG ZhiQiang2, WEI Ren1, LI ZeXia1,2,*()   

  1. 1. National Science Library, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
    2. Department of Information Resources Management, School of Economics and Management, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
    3. Bureau of International Cooperation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100864, China
  • Received:2024-02-02 Accepted:2024-04-25 Published:2024-06-26 Online:2024-07-03

摘要:

科学数据共享程度加大、国际形势复杂多变、信息技术突飞猛进,国际合作中的科学数据安全问题日益凸显,科学数据安全工作面对挑战。本文在厘清科学数据安全内涵的基础上,以代表性国际科技组织和大型国际科技计划为例,剖析典型国际科技合作中的科学数据共享安全治理政策与实践,为我国制定相关政策提供参考借鉴。因此,建议应继续遵循“开放为常态、不开放为例外”理念,灵活运用“例外”和“豁免清单”在义务和权利间取得平衡;进一步完善国内科学数据安全治理政策体系,及时掌握国际科学数据政策动态,提高国际科技合作中的科学数据政策透明度与合规性;综合考虑科技数据资源、风险管控技术等因素,实施真正意义上的对等交换;培养精通国际政策法规和行业惯例、技术布局全面的数据安全保障团队。

关键词: 科学数据, 安全治理, 国际科技组织, 国际合作计划, 哥白尼计划

Abstract:

The increasing interconnectedness and reusability of scientific data have brought forth unparalleled challenges in the realm of international science and technology (S&T) cooperation. Against the backdrop of a dynamic and intricate international landscape, the rapid evolution of information technology has accentuated the salience of security concerns surrounding scientific data, thereby imposing significant challenges upon extant security frameworks. This paper, following a meticulous elucidation of the concept of scientific data safety, systematically consolidates governance policies and practices pertaining to scientific data sharing gleaned from prominent international S&T organizations and major international S&T initiatives. Four discerning recommendations are delineated: (1) Advocating the principle of "openness as the norm, with exceptions," by discerningly deploying "exceptions" and "exemption lists" to strike a harmonious balance between obligations and rights; (2) Continuously enhancing the domestic governance policy ecosystem for scientific data security, thereby fostering transparency and compliance with scientific data policies within the ambit of international S&T collaborations; (3) Adopting a comprehensive approach that duly considers factors such as scientific data resources and risk control technologies, to facilitate genuine peer-to-peer scientific data exchanges; (4) Instituting a proficient data safety team adept in international policies, regulations, and best practices, and fortified with a robust array of technical competencies.

Key words: scientific data, safety governance, international organization, international cooperation programme, Copernicus