农业大数据学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 4 ›› Issue (1): 5-11.doi: 10.19788/j.issn.2096-6369.220112

• 特约文章 •    下一篇

我国农业农村信息化发展水平评价研究

王小兵(), 马晔()   

  1. 农业农村部信息中心,北京 100025
  • 收稿日期:2022-01-27 出版日期:2022-03-26 发布日期:2022-06-29
  • 通讯作者: 马晔 E-mail:wangxb@agri.gov.cn;maye@agri.gov.cn
  • 作者简介:王小兵,男,硕士,研究员,研究方向:农业农村信息化、绩效管理; E-mail: wangxb@agri.gov.cn

Evaluation of the Development Level of Agricultural and Rural Informatization in China, Based on a Data Analysis of 2642 Counties in China in 2020

Xiaobing Wang(), Ye Ma()   

  1. Information Center of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100025, China
  • Received:2022-01-27 Online:2022-03-26 Published:2022-06-29
  • Contact: Ye Ma E-mail:wangxb@agri.gov.cn;maye@agri.gov.cn

摘要:

乡村振兴的总目标是实现农业农村现代化,没有农业农村信息化就没有农业农村的现代化。信息化发展水平已成为衡量农业农村现代化水平的重要标志,特别是随着现代信息技术在农业农村领域的应用逐步深入、成效日益凸显,迫切需要构建一套科学全面、操作性强的农业农村信息化发展水平评价指标体系。本文从发展环境、基础支撑、生产信息化、经营信息化、乡村治理信息化和服务信息化6个层面,构建了包括6个一级指标、14个二级指标和20个三级指标在内的农业农村信息化发展水平评价体系,并以31个省(区、市)的2642个县域为基本单元,收集了2020年的相关数据,测度了2020年全国以及各省(区、市)的县域农业农村信息化发展总体水平。实证分析结果表明,2020年全国县域农业农村信息化发展总体水平为37.9%,浙江、江苏、上海分别位居全国前三位。结合实证分析结果,本文从农产品电子商务高速增长、基层治理数字化快速提升等5个方面系统总结了我国农业农村信息化发展取得的阶段性重要成效,并从发展不平衡不充分、农业生产信息化水平低等4个方面分析了存在的短板和弱项,对“十四五”期间推进农业农村信息化高质量发展、助力乡村全面振兴提出了对策建议。

关键词: 农业农村信息化, 水平评价, 指标体系, 智慧农业, 数字乡村

Abstract:

The overall goal of rural revitalization is to realize agricultural and rural modernization. It is increasingly evident that without agricultural and rural informatization, such modernization cannot occur. As a result, the level of informatization development has become an important means of measuring the level of agricultural and rural modernization. Particularly as the application of modern information technology to agricultural and rural areas deepens and its achievements become increasingly evident, there is an urgent need to establish a scientific, comprehensive, and operable evaluation index to measure the level of development of agricultural and rural informatization. Based on six primary indicators—the development environment, basic support, production informatization, operation informatization, rural governance informatization, and service informatization—we establish an evaluation system for the level of agricultural and rural informatization development level. As well as the six primary indicators, the system includes 14 secondary indicators and 20 tertiary indicators, and is based on 2,642 counties in 31 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) in China. The relevant data of 2020 were collected to measure the overall level of county agricultural and rural informatization development in China and all provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) in that year. The results of the empirical analysis show that the overall level of county agricultural and rural informatization development in 2020 is 37.9%, and that Zhejiang, Jiangsu and Shanghai ranked first, second and third in China respectively, in terms of the agricultural and rural informatization development level. We systematically summarize the phased important achievements in the development process of China’s agricultural and rural informatization from five aspects, including the rapid growth of e-commerce for agricultural products, and improvements in grass-roots governance digitization. In addition, we analyze the shortcomings in the process from four aspects, including but not limited to unbalanced and insufficient development and a low informatization level of agricultural production. This paper puts forward countermeasures and suggestions for promoting the high-quality development of agricultural and rural informatization and the overall revitalization of rural areas during the period of the 14th Five Year Plan.

Key words: agricultural and rural informatization, level evaluation, index system, smart agriculture, digital village

中图分类号: 

  • G203