区块链与“三农”金融—新视角、新框架、新路径

doi:10.19788/j.issn.2096-6369.200207

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

本文将农业、农村和农户纳入到对“三农”金融的整体研究框架中，从新的视角给出了“三农”金融的内涵，即它是农业金融、农村金融和农户金融的统称，服务于农业与农村金融活动的企业以及农户个人，包含了农业、农村和金融三重属性，具有定位在农业、根基在农村、核心是金融的特征。虽然我国农村地区已经初步形成“广覆盖、多层次、多元化”的金融服务体系，但依然存在着农村信用体系建设不足、农村信贷抵押机制不健全、不良贷款率相对较高、农业生产活动的综合成本较高等问题。针对这些现状与存在的问题，提出将区块链赋能“三农”金融发展的新框架和新路径。新的“三农”金融发展框架主要包括：新的信用体系框架、新的生产关系协同体系框架、以及新的生产要素优化配置体系框架。新的“三农”金融发展路径主要包括：区块链+“三农”征信、区块链+“三农”信用贷款、区块链+精准扶贫、区块链+乡村旅游金融、区块链+“三农”供应链金融。

关键词: 区块链, 三农金融, 乡村振兴, 三农问题, 普惠金融, 农业区块链

Abstract:

A new perspective of “Three Rural Issues” finance that overall research framework is proposed which includes agriculture, rural areas and farmers. In this paper,“Three Rural Issues” finance is a general name of agricultural finance, rural finance, peasant household finance, and servicing for the enterprises and individual farmers of agriculture and rural financial activities. It includes three attributes of agriculture, rural areas and finance with the characteristics of positioning in agriculture, foundation in rural areas and finance core. Although China's rural areas have initially formed a "wide coverage, multi-level and diversification" financial service system, there are still some problems, such as insufficient construction of rural credit system, imperfect rural credit mortgage mechanism, relatively high non-performing loan rate and high comprehensive cost of agricultural production activities. In view of the current situation and existing problems, this paper puts forward a new framework and path to enable blockchain with the development of Three Rural Issues finance. The new financial development framework of “Three Rural Issues” finance mainly includes: a new credit system framework, a new production relationship coordination system framework, and a new optimization allocation system framework of production factors. The new financial development path for “Three Rural Issues” finance focuses on the following five aspects: blockchain + Three Rural Issues credit, blockchain + Three Rural Issues credit loans, blockchain + targeted poverty alleviation, blockchain + rural tourism finance, and blockchain + Three Rural Issues supply chain finance.

Key words: blockchain, Three Rural Finance, rural revitalization, Three Rural Issues, inclusive finance, agricultural blockchain

中图分类号:

高尚. 区块链与“三农”金融—新视角、新框架、新路径[J]. 农业大数据学报, 2020, 2(2): 67-73.

Shang Gao. Blockchain and “Three Rural Issues” Finance[J]. Journal of Agricultural Big Data, 2020, 2(2): 67-73.

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