中国家养动物种质资源数据平台系统开发及应用

doi:10.19788/j.issn.2096-6369.220213

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

中国是世界上畜禽种质资源最丰富的国家之一，其保护与利用对选育突破性畜禽动物新品种，促进中国畜牧业生产可持续发展，保障畜产品有效供给意义重大。但是，当前畜禽种质资源的开发利用不足严重影响中国畜产品安全。因此，全面收集整理畜禽品种资源，尤其数字化整理种质资源的性状特性，开展畜禽种质资源的数据共享，并通过资源数据共享促进种质的实物共享，将成为中国今后长期保障国家畜产品安全的关键措施之一。本研究数字化整理了已有家养动物品种资源及种质资源的种类、空间分布、按特性类型划分的各种性状特性数据、不同品种和性别的外貌特征、特定生境下图片及视频，以及部分种质的基因图谱。系统提供了上述各种类型数据的可视化查询、全文检索查询，以及基于GIS技术的品种资源空间分布及属性的查询与统计分析，为已有种质资源数据的查询及共享提供了便捷的平台和分析工具。本研究还指出，平台今后的发展方向是在进一步拓展种质资源的评价数据基础上，开展种质资源性状数据的统计分析，为珍稀濒危种质资源的抢救性保护及时做好预警预报，最终为中国畜禽种质资源，尤其为产业化服务的核心种质资源保驾护航。

关键词: 家养动物, 种质资源, 全文检索, GIS

Abstract:

China is one of the most abundant countries in the world in terms of livestock and poultry germplasm resources. The protection and utilization of the germplasm resources are of great significance for breeding new varieties of livestock and poultry, promoting the sustainable development of China's animal production and ensuring the effective supply of animal products. However, the current insufficient development and utilization of livestock and poultry germplasm resources have seriously affected the security of livestock products in China. Therefore, it is one of the key strategies to ensure the security of national livestock products in the long term in China to comprehensively collect and reserve livestock and poultry variety resources, especially digital sorting of germplasm resource characteristics, data sharing of germplasm resources, and consequently, promoting physical sharing of germplasm. In this study, the species and spatial distribution of the existing domestic animal variety resources and germplasm resources, the characteristic data of various traits divided by characteristic types, the appearance characteristics of different varieties and sexes, pictures and videos in specific habitats, as well as the gene map of some germplasm were digitally categorized. The system provides visual query and full-text retrieval of various types of data in the above, as well as the query and statistical analysis of spatial distribution and attributes of variety resources based on GIS technology. Therefore, it provides a convenient platform and analysis tool for the query and sharing of existing germplasm resource data. This study also points out that the future development direction of the platform is to carry out statistical analysis of germplasm resource character data on the basis of further expanding the evaluation data of germplasm resources, make early warning and prediction for the rescue protection of rare and endangered germplasm resources, and finally safeguard China's livestock and poultry germplasm resources, especially the core germplasm resources serving the animal industry.

Key words: domestic animals, germplasm resources, full-text retrieval, GIS

中图分类号:

G203

赵一广, 罗清尧, 郑姗姗, 浦亚斌, 熊本海. 中国家养动物种质资源数据平台系统开发及应用[J]. 农业大数据学报, 2022, 4(2): 78-87.

Yiguang Zhao, Qingyao Luo, Shanshan Zheng, Yabin Pu, Benhai Xiong. Development and Application of China Domestic Animal Germplasm Resources Data Platform System[J]. Journal of Agricultural Big Data, 2022, 4(2): 78-87.

图/表 9

图1

图2

图3

图4

图5

图6

图7

表1

图8

参考文献 23

1	马月辉. 迈向畜禽种质资源强国新征程[J].中国畜牧业,2020，(06):23-24.
	Ma Y H. A new journey towards becoming a powerful country with livestock and poultry germplasm resources[J]. China Animal Industry, 2020, (06): 23-24.
2	新华社. 18%濒危:地方畜禽品种数量下降趋势未减[N/OL]. [2016-11-11].
	News Xinhua. 18% endangered: the downtrend of local livestock and poultry varieties has not eased[N/OL]. [2016-11-11].
3	乔金亮. 畜禽良种是畜牧业核心竞争力——现代畜禽种业需打造自主品牌[J].农村.农业.农民(B版), 2016,(09): 12-13.
	Qiao J L. Improved germplasms of livestock and poultry are the core competitiveness of animal husbandry-the modern livestock and poultry breeding industry needs to build its own brand[J]. Agriculture. Countryside. Farmer (version B), 2016,(09): 12-13.
4	李寿良. 国家家养动物种质资源平台运行良好[J]. 农业知识, 2014,(12): 15.
	Li S L. The National Domestic Animal Germplasm Resources Platform is running well[J]. Agricultural Knowledge, 2014,(12): 15.
5	科学网. 国家科技资源共享服务平台优化调整名单发布[N/OL]. [2019-06-10].
	ScienceNet. Release of optimization and adjustment list of national science and technology resource sharing service platform[N/OL]. [2019-06-10].
6	国家家养动物种质资源库. 家养动物种质资源库资源库简介[DB/OL]. [2020-06-09].
	National Germplasm Center of Domestic Animal Resources. Introduction to domestic animal germplasm resources[DB/OL]. [2020-06-09].
7	郑丕留, 陆离, 涂友仁, 等. 中国家畜家禽品种志[M]. 上海:上海科技出版社, 1986.
	Zheng P L, Lu L, Xu Y R, et al. Chinese livestock and poultry breeds[M]. Shanghai: Shanghai Scientific and Technical Publishers, 1986.
8	国家畜禽遗传资源委员会. 中国畜禽遗传资源志[M]. 北京:中国农业出版社, 2011.
	China National Commission of Animal Genetic Resources. Animal genetic resources in China[M]. Beijing: China Agricultural Press, 2011.
9	何淑娟. 非结构化数据库及其应用分析[J]. 信息系统工程, 2009,(07): 49-51.
	He S J. Unstructured database and its application analysis[J]. China CIO News, 2009,(07): 49-51.
10	张楠. 新媒体时代传统媒体的挑战与机遇[J]. 新闻论坛, 2022, 36(01): 62-63.
	Zhang N. Challenges and opportunities of traditional media in the new media era[J]. News Tribune, 2022, 36(01): 62-63.
11	熊本海, 马月辉, 罗清尧, 等.中国畜禽品种资源网络数据库系统的构建.畜牧兽医学报[J]. 2005, 36(1): 43-47.
	Xiong B H, Ma Y H, Luo Q Y, et al. Construction of network database on animal genetic resources in China[J]. Chinese Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, 2005, 36(1): 43-47.
12	江西畜禽遗传资源志编委会. 江西畜禽遗传资源志[M]. 江西美术出版社, 2016.
	Editorial Board of Jiangxi Animal Genetic Resources. Animal genetic resources in Jiangxi[M], Nanchang: Jiangxi Fine Arts Publishing House, 2016.
13	刁运华. 四川畜禽遗传资源志[M]. 四川科学技术出版社, 2009.
	Diao Y H. Animal genetic resources in Sichuan[M]. Sichuan Science and Technology Press, 2009.
14	云南省畜禽遗传资源委员会. 云南省畜禽遗传资源[M]. 云南科技出版社, 2005.
	Yunnan Commission of Animal Genetic Resources. Animal genetic resources in Yunnan[M]. Yunnan Science and Technology Press, 2005.
15	郭梓帆. 编织网格模型处理及管理系统研究[J].甘肃科技纵横, 2021, 50(01): 7-10.
	Guo Z F. Research on the processing and management system based on the mesh model[J]. Scientific and Technical Information of Gansu, 2021, 50(01): 7-10.
16	孙星. 浅谈PHP技术[J]. 中国新技术新产品, 2011,(10): 31-32.
	Sun X. Introduction of PHP technology[J]. New Technology and New Products of China, 2011,(10): 31-32.
17	百度专网地图[DB/OL]. https://dugis.baidu.com/, [2022-05-18].
	DuGIS[DB/OL]. https://dugis.baidu.com/, [2022-05-18].
18	中国标准化研究院. 信息资源核心元数据 [S]. GB/T 26816-2011. 2011-07-29.
	China National Institute of Standardization. Information resource core metadata [S]. GB/T 26816-2011. 2011-07-29.
19	杨宝昌. MySQL实现中文全文检索的解决方案[J]. 程序员, 2006,(10): 108-110.
	Yang B C. Solution of Chinese full text retrieval based on MySQL[J]. Programmer, 2006,(10): 108-110.
20	国际家养动物遗传资源数据库[DB/OL]. [2022-05-18].
	Domestic Animal Genetic Resources Information System[DB/OL]. [2022-05-18].
21	Trait Types Summary By Category. DAGRIS[DB/OL]. [2022-05-16].
22	农业农村部. 农业农村部关于开展全国农业种质资源普查的通知(农种发〔2021〕1号)[EB/OL]. [2021-03-21].
	The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs. Notice of the national general survey of agricultural germplasm resources (Nong Zhong Fa (2021) No. 1) [EB/OL]. [2021-03-21].
23	科学技术部. 科技部关于发布国家重点研发计划“农业生物重要性状形成与环境适应性基础研究”等“十四五”重点专项2021年度项目申报指南的通知(国科发资〔2021〕140号)[EB/OL]. [2021-05-17].
	The Ministry of Science and Technology. Notice of the ministry of science and technology on issuing the application guidelines for key projects of ''the 14th five-year plan'' in 2021, such as the national key R & D plan "basic research on the formation of important agricultural biological traits and environmental adaptability"(Guo Ke Fa Zi No. 140)[EB/OL]. [2021-05-17].

性别 Sex	均值 Mean	标准差 SD	样本数 SS	储存位置 Location	管理条件 MC	文献²
Female	264.20		119	Unspecified-1402883383, Zambia	On Station	(201)
Female	280.00			Unspecified-1402883383, Zambia		(208)
Female	299.00		119	Unspecified-1402883383, Zambia	On Station	(221)
Female	311.50		119	Unspecified-1402883383, Zambia	On Station	(313)
Female	378.80		675	Unspecified-1402883383, Zambia		(325)
Female	392.70		675	Unspecified-1402883383, Zambia	On Station	(330)
Overall	313.00		675	Unspecified-1402883383, Zambia	On Station	(337)
Overall	333.10		675	Unspecified-1402883383, Zambia	On Station	(358)
Male	336.00	8.04		Unspecified-1402883383, Zambia	On Station	(407)

[1]	代国威, 刘婷婷, 李好先, 胡林, 樊景超, 曹尚银. 2012—2017年优势产区落叶果树农家品种资源调查数据集[J]. 农业大数据学报, 2023, 5(1): 24-28.
[2]	孙思邈, 高源, 王昆, 王大江, 李连文. 23份苹果种质资源的果实品质分析[J]. 农业大数据学报, 2022, 4(2): 13-19.
[3]	张莹, 郭瑞, 曹玉芬, 杨祥. 2021年辽宁兴城梨种质资源果实生长发育动态观测数据集[J]. 农业大数据学报, 2022, 4(2): 40-47.
[4]	高源, 王大江, 孙思邈, 王霖, 王昆, 曹玉芬, 丛佩华, 张彩霞, 王海波. 中国北方地区果树种质资源研究与新品种选育进展[J]. 农业大数据学报, 2022, 4(2): 5-12.
[5]	陈彦清, 曹永生, 林雨楠, 方沩. 国家作物种质资源观测鉴定站点体系布局方法研究[J]. 农业大数据学报, 2020, 2(4): 20-28.
[6]	刘海洋,方沩,陈彦清,曹永生. 区块链在农作物种质资源数据管理中的应用初探[J]. 农业大数据学报, 2019, 1(2): 105-113.