新冠疫情下基于区块链技术的进口冷链食品追溯体系构建研究

doi:10.19788/j.issn.2096-6369.220108

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的及意义】自疫情发生以来，多起本土疫情与进口冷链食品有关，进口冷链食品追溯体系构建迫在眉睫。因此，本文提出利用区块链技术构建进口冷链食品追溯体系，以期实现进口冷链食品全链条信息化，做到在食品出现质量或者涉疫问题时，达到明确责任主体、溯源问题来源、召回产品等目的。进口冷链食品追溯体系的建立在缓解我国疫情压力、提高监管效率、塑造企业品牌形象，提升消费者信任等方面均具有重要意义。【内容概述】首先，本文系统地梳理了进口冷链食品屡次成为疫情风险点的原因；其次，基于区块链具有去中心化、不可篡改等特点，提出利用区块链技术去构建进口冷链食品追溯体系并对其优势进行详细分析，同时将追溯体系划分为应用层、采集层、通信层、数据存储层4层并做简要描述。最后，针对区块链追溯体系建设过程中存在的困难与不足之处，提出了完善建议。

结论

在疫情常态化背景下，基于区块链技术的进口冷链食品追溯体系能够有效解决信息不透明、信息难共享、信息安全性差等问题。为使区块链在进口冷链食品追溯领域得到更好的应用，国家、企业乃至消费者都应该共同参与到基于区块链技术的进口冷链食品追溯体系建设中，从不同层面为区块链追溯体系的建设发展提供助力。

关键词: 新冠疫情, 进口冷链食品追溯, 区块链, 食品安全, 冷链运输

Abstract:

[Purpose and significance] Since the initial outbreak of COVID-19, many local epidemics have been related to imported cold chain food, so the construction of an imported cold chain food traceability system is extremely urgent. In this paper, we propose the use of blockchain technology to build an imported cold chain food traceability system to achieve informatization of the whole chain for imported cold chain food. Under this system, when food quality or epidemic-related problems occur, it will be possible to clearly identify the responsible subject and trace the source of the problem to enable recall of products and other responses. The establishment of an imported cold chain food traceability system is of great significance in alleviating the pressure of the epidemic in China, improving regulatory efficiency, shaping the corporate brand image, and enhancing consumer trust. [Summary] First, we systematically categorize the reasons why imported cold chain food has repeatedly become a risk point during the epidemic. Second, we conduct a detailed analysis of the advantages of blockchain technology, which we propose to use to build an imported cold chain food traceability system; these advantages include its characteristics of decentralization and immutability. We also divide the traceability system into four layers: application, collection, communication, and data storage, and provide a brief description of each. Finally, in view of the difficulties and deficiencies faced in the construction of a blockchain traceability system, we put forward suggestions for improvement.

Conclusion

In the context of normalization of the epidemic, an imported cold chain food traceability system based on blockchain technology can effectively solve the problems of information opacity, difficulties in information sharing, and poor information security. To enhance the application of blockchain technology to imported cold chain food traceability, we argue that the state, enterprises, and even consumers should participate in and use their different levels of power to contribute to the construction and development of a blockchain traceability system.

Key words: COVID-19, traceability of imported cold-chain food, blockchain, food safety, cold chain transportation

中图分类号:

F511.41

陈晨. 新冠疫情下基于区块链技术的进口冷链食品追溯体系构建研究[J]. 农业大数据学报, 2022, 4(1): 77-81.

Chen Chen. Research on the Construction of a Traceability System for Imported Cold Chain Food Based on Blockchain Technology under COVID-19[J]. Journal of Agricultural Big Data, 2022, 4(1): 77-81.

图/表 1

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