大数据驱动的天敌资源调查与监测体系构建研究

doi:10.19788/j.issn.2096-6369.20XX01

Abstract

Abstract: Objectives

Biological control using natural enemies offers an effective alternative to chemical control of pests and diseases. Biological control is also an important component of sustainable agriculture. China hosts an abundance of natural enemy resources. However, for resource exploitation, the comprehensiveness and systematic organization of existing tools are inadequate. Monitoring methods are not standardized and have high technical thresholds. Therefore, timely and effective utilization of natural enemies is limited. The proliferation of big data in recent years has provided novel tools suitable for investigation, monitoring, and informatization of natural enemy resources. It is thus necessary to develop a natural enemy resources survey and monitoring system based on big data concepts.

Methods

To realize the transformation from sample data to global data for the survey of natural enemy resources, the following four aspects of transformation are required: 1) transformation of data collection procedures from traditional methods to automated methods; 2) transformation of investigators from professionals to a majority of agricultural personnel; 3) transformation of data reporting from regular and fixed-point monitoring to object-based open reporting; and 4) transformation of system operation from centralized management to decentralization.

Results

With these objectives in mind, the National Data Center for Insect Natural Enemies, Basic Long-term Scientific and Technological Research in Agriculture was established in 2017. At present, the center has established a working concept of realizing "big data" in stages and conducted initial attempts to process and analyze the data. Over the course of three years, the center gradually established a standardized workflow from sampling to data management and analysis, collected a large amount of data, and performed preliminary analyzes.

Conclusions

The National Data Center for Insect Natural Enemies closely adheres to the big data concept and has established a natural enemy resources survey and monitoring system, which is an important attempt to establish a living species resource information system for agricultural ecosystems.

Key words: natural enemy, resources, Big Data, survey and monitoring system

CLC Number:

S431.9

Jiale Lv, Xuenong Xu. Conceptual Establishment of a Natural Enemy Resources Survey and Monitoring System Based on Big Data[J].Journal of Agricultural Big Data, 2021, (): 1-8.

Figures/Tables 6

Fig.1

Table 1

Fig.2

Table 2

Table 3

Table 4

References 23

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	商品信息	天敌资源信息
“商家”提供的直接信息	品名	物种名
	商品类别	分类阶元（纲、目、科、属）
	库存量	密度
	产地	采集地点
	图片与影像（商品、商品应用、使用等）	图片（标本、生态、环境）
	产品描述	生物学性状
“用户”提供的信息	销量	需求量
“用户”提供的信息	评价	评价
关联信息	产区	分布情况
	生产时间	发生时间
	相关产品（同时、同地、相似产品）	关联物种
	外界因素对销售影响（促销活动导致销量上升、特殊原因导致需求上升等）	环境因素对密度、优势种等造成影响

纲	目	科
昆虫纲	膜翅目	姬蜂总科、茧蜂科、蚜茧蜂科、赤眼蜂科、姬小蜂科、胡蜂总科、小蜂总科、金小蜂科、蚜小蜂科、细蜂科、蚁科、鳌蜂科、锤角细蜂科、方头泥蜂科、广肩小蜂科、环腹瘿蜂科、旗腹蜂科、青蜂总科、跳小蜂科、土蜂科、肿腿蜂科、蛛蜂科
	双翅目	食蚜蝇科、虻科、瘿蚊科、寄蝇科、蜂虻科、沼蝇科、盗虻科
	半翅目	花蝽科、长蝽科、盲蝽科、姬蝽科、猎蝽科
	鞘翅目	瓢虫科、隐翅虫科、步甲科、虎甲科
	脉翅目	草蛉科、粉蛉科
	蜻蜓目	蜻蛉总科、蜓总科、细蟌总科
	螳螂目	螳螂科
	缨翅目	蓟马科
	革翅目	蠼螋科
蛛形纲	蜘蛛目	狼蛛科、肖蛸科、蟹蛛科、圆蛛科、球腹蛛科、跳蛛科、微蛛科、皿蛛科、管巢蛛科、猫蛛科、盗蛛科、漏斗蛛科、圆颚蛛科
蛛形纲	蜱螨目	植绥螨科、绒螨科、大赤螨科、囊螨科、长须螨科、镰螯螨科、吸螨科、小黑螨科、赤螨科、巨须螨科、镰螨科、蒲螨科

监测到该瓢虫的实验站数量	瓢虫种类
10+	异色瓢虫（52）、龟纹瓢虫（50）、七星瓢虫（34）、多异瓢虫（22）、六斑月瓢虫（16）、二星瓢虫（10）
6	黄宝盘瓢虫
5	稻红瓢虫、十一星瓢虫
4	红点唇瓢虫
3	赤星瓢虫、横斑瓢虫、红肩瓢虫、十三星瓢虫、中国双七瓢虫
2	八斑和瓢虫、粗网巧瓢虫、刀角瓢虫、方斑瓢虫、黑襟毛瓢虫、黄缘巧瓢虫、柯氏素菌瓢虫、十斑盘瓢虫、十二斑褐菌瓢虫、双带盘瓢虫、四斑广盾瓢虫、四斑裸瓢虫、四星瓢虫、细纹裸瓢虫、小毛瓢虫、隐斑瓢虫
1	波裂臀方瓢虫、大红瓢虫、二斑盘瓢虫、广东隐势瓢虫、海南隐势瓢虫、海南纵条瓢虫、黑条长瓢虫、红星盘瓢虫、后斑小瓢虫、黄褐巧瓢虫、刻点小艳瓢虫、菱斑巧瓢虫、六条瓢虫、六星瓢虫、拟小食螨瓢虫、庞氏毛瓢虫、十二斑广盾瓢虫、十二斑巧瓢虫、十二星瓢虫、十五星裸瓢虫、食螨瓢虫、束小瓢虫、素菌瓢虫、梯斑巧瓢虫、西南龟瓢虫、狭臀瓢虫、棕色毛瓢虫

作物类型	作物	省份	月份
作物类型	作物	省份	5月	6月	7月	8月	9月	10月	11月
粮油作物	小麦	江苏	+*
		河南	+
		山东	+	+
		山西	+	+
		辽宁	+
		黑龙江	+	+
	大豆	江苏				+
		河北		+
		内蒙古			+
		山西				+
		辽宁				+
		黑龙江		+	+	+	+
	水稻	贵州				+
		江西		+	+
		浙江
		江苏			+	+	+
	谷子	河北			+	+
	马铃薯	湖北	+
	马铃薯	河北		+
	向日葵	甘肃	+	+		+
	向日葵	江苏			+		+
果树	桃	湖南			+	+		+
		河北		+
		甘肃					+
	柑橘	江西	+	+	+
	柑橘	湖南	+	+	+	+	+	+
	苹果	甘肃	+		+	+
		河北		+	+
		陕西							+
		辽宁	+
	荔枝	广东	+			+	+	+	+
	荔枝	广西	+
	火龙果	贵州			+	+		+
	梨	江西				+
	梨	甘肃	+
	桑葚	广西			+		+	+
	山楂	河北		+
蔬菜	叶菜	海南		+
		广西	+						+
		河北		+	+	+
	茄子	海南	+	+				+
	茄子	河北	+
	菜豆	海南			+
	菜豆	浙江		+
经济作物	玉米	广西	+	+			+	+
		山西			+	+	+
		河南			+	+
		山东			+	+
		河北		+	+	+	+
		内蒙古				+
		吉林		+	+	+
		甘肃		+	+	+	+
		黑龙江		+	+	+	+
	棉花	安徽	+	+	+	+	+	+
		江苏		+				+
		山东		+		+	+

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Conceptual Establishment of a Natural Enemy Resources Survey and Monitoring System Based on Big Data

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