国内外瓢虫数据集研究综述——资源现状、应用与挑战

doi:10.19788/j.issn.2096-6369.000169

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

瓢虫是生态系统中重要的捕食性天敌，对抑制害虫种群的增长、维护生态系统的稳定具有重要作用。本文对国内外瓢虫资源现状及数据集进行了深入梳理和评估，通过分析瓢虫的分布范围、农作物种植类型及监测技术等关键信息，旨在揭示瓢虫资源动态分布对精准农业发展的深刻意义，并为后续研究提供坚实的数据支撑及为瓢虫保护和利用策略制定提供科学依据。

关键词: 瓢虫, 数据集, 动态分布, 多样性, 资源保护与利用

Abstract:

Ladybugs are important predatory natural enemies in ecosystems, playing a critical role in suppressing pest population growth and maintaining ecosystem stability. In this study, we systematically reviewed and evaluated the current status of ladybug resources and related datasets in China and abroad. By analyzing key information, including the distribution of ladybugs, host plants, and monitoring technologies, this work aims to elucidate the significance of the dynamic distribution of ladybugs for the development of precision agriculture. It also provides a valuable data support for subsequent research and a scientific basis for formulating strategies for the conservation and utilization of ladybugs.

Key words: ladybugs, datasets, dynamic distribution, diversity, resource conservation and management

李冰艳, 王昶, 王恩东, 徐学农, 张博. 国内外瓢虫数据集研究综述——资源现状、应用与挑战[J]. 农业大数据学报, 2026, 8(3): 373-396.

LI BingYan, WANG Chang, WANG EnDong, XU XueNong, ZHANG Bo. A Review of Research on Domestic and International Ladybug Datasets: Resource Status, Applications, and Challenges[J]. Journal of Agricultural Big Data, 2026, 8(3): 373-396.

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字段		字段解释
论文	题目	论文的标题，明确研究聚焦的主题
	作者	研究并撰写论文的学者名单
	期刊	论文发表的学术期刊名称
	采样地点	论文调查的地理区域
	作物	论文研究的具体作物对象
	采样方法	论文调查取样的具体方法
	采样时间	论文调查的时间范围统计
	数据集	是否关联数据集，或仅发表研究性论文
数据集	名称	数据集的正式名称，通常反映数据的内容和用途
	作者	数据集的创建者或贡献者，包括个人或机构
	来源网站	提供数据集的平台或网址
	作物	数据集所涉及的作物类别
	介绍	对数据集的内容和特点进行简要描述，包括数据量、采集方法、主要特征等
	采样时间	数据采集的时间范围
	采样地点	数据采集的地理位置
	采样方法	论文调查取样的具体方法
	服务系统网址/获取网址/DOI	主要是准确定位到数据集，便于数据引用和跨平台检索其中DOI为数据集的永久唯一标识符
	获取/版权协议	数据集是否可获取/使用条款和限制

特征类型	指标	统计内容
空间覆盖	覆盖国家/区域	中国（181，55.18%）、印度（22，6.71%）、美国（15，4.57%）、巴基斯坦（11，3.35%）、巴西（9，2.74%）、其他（90，27.44%）
空间覆盖	覆盖洲	亚洲（252，76.83%）、欧洲（32，9.76%）、北美洲（17，5.18%）、南美洲（15，4.57%）、非洲（9，2.74%）、大洋洲（1，0.30%）北半球（309，94.21%）、南半球（19，5.79%）
时间覆盖	采集时间	一季度占25.08%、二季度占47.37%、三季度占46.44%、四季度占35.91%
时间覆盖	采集年度	国内：1990年－2022年，国外：1977年－2016年
数据集来源	机构类型	院校（186，56.71%）、科研院所（117，35.67%）、其他（25，7.62%）
数据集来源	主要来源	数据论文（13，3.96%）、研究性论文（300，91.46 %）、综述（15，4.57%）

数据资源类型	关键字段/信息	可开展的分析	数据集应用方向
物种组成与数量数据	瓢虫种类、相对丰度、优势度等	优势种识别、群落结构分析、区域资源评价	筛选本地优势天敌种类，确定保护利用对象
空间分布数据	采样地点、经纬度、海拔、区域、生境类型等	适生区分析、空间聚集性分析、区域差异比较	指导区域化天敌资源配置和重点保护区域划定
作物类型数据	作物种类、种植模式、生育期等	作物生境偏好、作物间差异分析	明确不同作物系统中适宜保护或释放的瓢虫类群
害虫—瓢虫共发生数据	害虫种类及数量、瓢虫种类及数量、调查时间等	捕食者—猎物同步性、相关性、生态位重叠分析	分析作物—害虫—瓢虫互作关系，优化生态调控措施
时间动态数据	采样日期、季节、年份、虫口动态等	种群消长规律、发生高峰、时序匹配	确定天敌保护、田间释放和农药减量施用窗口期
图像与标本数据	成虫/幼虫图像、标本照片、生境图像等	自动识别、快速监测、标准化标注	支撑田间智能识别和绿色防控数字化监测
环境与农事管理数据	温湿度、植被、景观格局、间作模式、用药方式等	环境驱动因子分析、管理措施效应评价	筛选有利于瓢虫保育的栖境管理和农艺措施