基于农业环境的农业科学观测数据融合研究

doi:10.19788/j.issn.2096-6369.200411

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

长期定位观测是揭示全球环境结构与功能演变规律的重要研究手段，我国农业科学观测数据积累具有良好的实验站基础，已形成由土壤肥力网和种质资源圃网为代表的长期定位观测网络，但信息化程度较低，农业科学长期定位观测工作在系统化、标准化、网络化方面仍有较长的路要走。本文以农业环境科学观测数据为出发点，重点关注农业科学观测数据的跨领域融合问题，探讨农业环境与作物种质资源、土壤质量、病虫害、农业微生物、畜禽养殖、渔业资源环境、农产品质量安全的交叉与联系，研究农业环境对农业科学观测大数据融合的纽带作用。进一步论述了以农业环境为纽带的农业科学观测数据融合，建立了农业科学观测数据融合框架，讨论了农业科学观测大数据融合在联网观测、数据标准化、数据采集和数据融合等方面的条件。提出了在联网观测的基础上，着重发展学科交叉，推动数据标准化，稳定经费支持，保障数据采集，加强交叉学科研究，探索数据融合方法等建议，以期促进农业科学观测大数据融合发展，挖掘农业科学观测数据的价值，指导农业生产，为农业政策制定提供基础支撑。

关键词: 农业基础性长期性科技工作, 大数据融合, 长期定位观测, 观测数据, 科学数据管理, 科学数据

Abstract:

Long term positioning observation is an important research method to reveal the evolution of global environmental structure and function. The scientific observation data accumulation in agriculture has a good foundation of experimental stations in China, leading by Soil Fertility Network and Germplasm Resource Nursery Network. However, there is still a long way to go in the systematization, standardization and networking of long-term positioning observation of agricultural science. Based on the scientific observation data of agricultural environmental, this paper focuses on the cross domain fusion of agricultural scientific observation data. The basic role of agricultural environment on scientific observed agricultural big data fusion was discussed on the intersection and connection of agricultural environment with crop germplasm resource, soil quality, crop pests and diseases, agricultural microorganisms, livestock and poultry breeding, fishery resources and environment, quality and safety of agricultural product. After discussing the link function of agricultural environment to the big data fusion of agricultural scientific observation, we established a framework of agricultural scientific observation data fusion and addressed the requirements of big data fusion in agricultural scientific observation on the network observation, data standardization, data collection and data fusion. We suggested emphasized development on interdisciplinary based on network observation, promoting data standardization, and sustaining financial support to ensure data collection, enhancing interdisciplinary research to explore data fusion methods, in order to promote the fusion of big data in agricultural scientific observation, explore the value of agricultural scientific observation data, guide agricultural production, and providing basic support for agricultural policy-making.

Key words: basic long-term scientific research in agriculture, agricultural big data fusion, long term positioning observation, observation data, scientific data management, scientific data

中图分类号:

F323.3

胡国铮, 干珠扎布, 余沛东, 杨振琳, 高清竹. 基于农业环境的农业科学观测数据融合研究[J]. 农业大数据学报, 2020, 2(4): 86-94.

Guozheng Hu, Zhabu Ganzhu, Peidong Yu, Zhenlin Yang, Qingzhu Gao. Research on Data Fusion in Agricultural Scientific Observation Based on of Agricultural Environment[J]. Journal of Agricultural Big Data, 2020, 2(4): 86-94.

图/表 1

参考文献 54

1	任景明, 喻元秀, 王如松. 我国农业环境问题及其防治对策[J]. 生态学杂志, 2009, 28(007): 1399-1405.
	Ren J M, Yu Y X, Wang R S. Problems and countermeasures of agricultural environment in China[J]. Chinese Journal Of Ecology, 2009, 28(007): 1399-1405.
2	王兮之, 葛剑平. 国家重点野外科学观测试验站数据信息现状分析[J]. 北京师范大学学报(自然科学版), 2004, 40(001): 97-101.
	Wang X Z, Ge J P. Status Analysis of Field Station Data Information in China[J]. Journal of Beijing Normal University (Natural Science), 2004, 40(001): 97-101.
3	戴圣骐, 赵斌. 大数据时代下的生态系统观测发展趋势与挑战[J]. 生物多样性, 2016, 24(01):85-94.
	Dai S Q, Zhao B. Trends and challenges of ecosystem observations in the age of big data [J] Biodiversity Science, 2016, 24(01):85-94.
4	赵方杰. 洛桑试验站的长期定位试验:简介及体会[J]. 南京农业大学学报, 2012, 35(005):147-153.
	Zhao F J. Long-term experiments at Rothamsted Experimental Station: Introduction and experience [J] Journal of Nanjing Agricultural University, 2012, 35(005):147-153.
5	赵海凤, 李仁强, 赵芬, 等. 生态环境大数据发展现状与趋势[J]. 生态科学, 2018, 037(001): 211-218.
	Zhao H F, Li R Q, Zhao F, et al. Current status and development trend of eco-environmental big data[J]. Ecological Science, 2018, 037(001): 211-218.
6	马义兵, 李秀英. 中国生态系统定位观测与研究数据集·农田生态系统卷:国家土壤肥力与肥料效益监测站网1989-2000[M]. 北京：中国农业出版社, 2010.
	Ma Y B, Li X Y. China Ecosystem Positioning Observation and Research Data Set Farmland Ecosystem Volume: National Soil fertility and Fertilizer Benefit Monitoring Station Network 1989-2000[M]. Beijing: China Agriculture Press, 2010.
7	江用文. 国家种质资源圃保存资源名录[M]. 北京：中国农业科学技术出版社, 2005.
	Jiang Y W. National Germplasm Resource Garden Conservation Resource Directory[M]. China Agricultural Science and Technology Press, 2005.
8	刘勍, 毛克彪, 马莹, 等. 农业大数据浅析及与Web GIS结合应用[J]. 遥感信息, 2016, 000(001):124-128.
	Liu Q, Mao K B, Ma Y, et al. Analysis on Agricultural Big Data and Its Application Conbined with Web GIS[J]. Remote Sensing Information, 2016, 000(001):124-128.
9	于贵瑞, 何洪林, 周玉科. 大数据背景下的生态系统观测与研究[J]. 中国科学院院刊, 2018, 033(008):832-837.
	Yu G R, He H L, Zhou Y K. Ecosystem Observation and Research under Background of Big Data [J] Bulletin of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, 2018, 033(008):832-837.
10	吴炳方, 张淼, 曾红伟, 等. 大数据时代的农情监测与预警[J]. 遥感学报, 2016(20):1027-1037.
	Wu B F, Zhang S, Zeng H W, et al. Agricultural monitoring and early warning in the era of big data[J]. [J]. 遥感学报, 2016(20):1027-1037. , 2016(20):1027-1037.
11	孟小峰, 杜治娟. 大数据融合研究:问题与挑战[J]. 计算机研究与发展, 2016, 53(2):231-246.
	Meng X F, Du Z J. Research on the Big Data Fusion: Issues and Challenges [J] Journal of Computer Research and Development, 2016, 53(2):231-246.
12	许世卫, 王东杰, 李哲敏. 大数据推动农业现代化应用研究[J]. 中国农业科学, 2015, 48(17):3429-3438.
	Xu S W, Wang D J, Li Z M. Application Research on Big Data Promote Agricultural Modernization [J] Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2015, 48(17):3429-3438.
13	孙忠富, 马浚诚, 褚金翔, 等. 智慧农业技术助推农业创新发展, 引领农业新未来[J]. 蔬菜, 2017, (4):1-8.
	Sun Z F, Ma J C, Chu J X, et al. Smart Agricultural Technology Promotes Agricultural Innovation and Development, Leads the New Future of Agriculture [J]. Vegetables, 2017, (4):1-8.
14	Jarvis A, Lane A, Hijmans R J. The effect of climate change on crop wild relatives[J]. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment, 2008, 126(1): 13-23.
15	孙华, 何茂萍, 胡明成. 全球变化背景下气候变暖对中国农业生产的影响[J]. 中国农业资源与区划, 2015, 36(07): 51-57.
	Sun H, He M P, Hu M C. Impact of Global Climatic Warming on Agricultural Production in China[J]. Chinese Journal of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, 2015, 36(07): 51-57.
16	Snook L K, Dulloo M E, Jarvis A, et al. Crop germplasm diversity: The role of gene bank collections in facilitating adaptation to climate change[J]. Crop Adaptation to Climate Change, 2011: 495-506.
17	Ramirez-Villegas J, Jarvis A, Fujisaka S, et al. Crop and forage genetic resources: international interdependence in the face of climate change[J]. Crop genetic resources as a global commons: Challenges in international law and governance, 2013: 78-98.
18	李祎君, 王春乙, 赵蓓, 等. 气候变化对中国农业气象灾害与病虫害的影响[J]. 农业工程学报, 2010, 26(13): 263-271.
	Li Y J, Wang C Y, Zhao B, et al. Effects of climate change on agricultural meteorological disaster and crop insects diseases[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, 2010, 26(13): 263-271.
19	沈永平, 王国亚. IPCC第一工作组第五次评估报告对全球气候变化认知的最新科学要点[J]. 冰川冻土, 2013, (05): 10-18.
	Shen y p, wang g y. Key Findings and Assessment Results of IPCC WGI Fifth Assessment Report[J]. Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology, 2013, (05): 10-18.
20	卢丽萍, 程丛兰, 刘伟东, 等. 30年来我国农业气象灾害对农业生产的影响及其空间分布特征[J]. 生态环境学报, 2009, 18(4): 1573-1578.
	Lu L P, Cheng C L, Liu W D, et al. Effect of the agricultural meteorological disasters on agricultural production and its spatial distribution characteristics during the last 30 years in China[J]. Ecology And Environment, 2009, 18(4): 1573-1578.
21	覃志豪, 唐华俊, 李文娟, 等. 气候变化对农业和粮食生产影响的研究进展与发展方向[J]. 中国农业资源与区划, 2013, (05): 1-7.
	Qin Z H, Tang H J, Li W J, et al. Progress and Directions in Studying the Impacts of Climate Change on Agriculture and Grain Production in China[J]. Chinese Journal of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, 2013, (05): 1-7.
22	Brevik E C. The potential impact of climate change on soil properties and processes and corresponding influence on food security[J]. Agriculture, 2013, 3(3): 398-417.
23	张仲胜, 李敏, 宋晓林, 等. 气候变化对土壤有机碳库分子结构特征与稳定性影响研究进展[J]. 土壤学报, 2018, 55(2): 273-282.
	Zhang z s, li m, song x l, et al. Effects of Climate Change on Molecular Structure and Stability of Soil Carbon Pool: A General Review[J]. Acta Pedologica Sinica, 2018, 55(2): 273-282.
24	St. Clair S B, Lynch J P. The opening of Pandora’s Box: climate change impacts on soil fertility and crop nutrition in developing countries[J]. Plant and Soil, 2010, 335(1): 101-115.
25	Lal R. Soil Carbon Sequestration Impacts on Global Climate Change and Food Security[J]. Science, 2004, 304(5677): 1623-1627.
26	董红敏, 李玉娥, 陶秀萍, 等. 中国农业源温室气体排放与减排技术对策[J]. 农业工程学报, 2008, (10): 269-273.
	Dong H M, Li Y E, Tao X P, et al. China greenhouse gas emissions from agricultural activities and its mitigation strategy[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, 2008, (10): 269-273.
27	崔键, 马友华, 赵艳萍, 等. 农业面源污染的特性及防治对策[J]. 中国农学通报, 2006, 22(1):335-340.
	Cui J, Ma Y H, Zhao Y P, et al. Characteristic and Countermeasures for Control and Prevention of Multiple Area-pollution in Agriculture[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2006, 22(1) :335-340.
28	朱兆良, 孙波, 杨林章, 等. 我国农业面源污染的控制政策和措施[J]. 科技导报, 2005, (04): 47-51.
	Zhu Z L, Sun B, Yang L Z, et al. Policy and Countermeasures to Control Non-Point Pollution of Agriculture in China[J]. Science & Technology Review, 2005, (04): 47-51.
29	王长燕, 赵景波, 李小燕. 华北地区气候暖干化的农业适应性对策研究[J]. 干旱区地理, 2006, (05): 646-652.
	Wang C Y, Zhao J B, Li X Y. Study on agricultural adaptation to warming and drying climate in North China[J]. Arid Land Geography, 2006, (05): 646-652.
30	Zhang W, Lu Y, Van Der Werf W, et al. Multidecadal, county-level analysis of the effects of land use, Bt cotton, and weather on cotton pests in China[J]. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2018, 115(33): E7700-E7709.
31	Zeng J, Liu Y, Zhang H, et al. Global warming modifies long-distance migration of an agricultural insect pest[J]. Journal of Pest Science, 2020, 93(2): 569-581.
32	付晓伟, 吴孔明. 迁飞性昆虫对全球气候变化的响应[J]. 中国农业科学, 2015, 48(S): 1-15.
	Fu X W, Wu K M. Responses of Migratory Insects to Global Climate Change[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2015, 48(S): 1-15.
33	Grandy A S, Neff J C. Molecular C dynamics downstream: The biochemical decomposition sequence and its impact on soil organic matter structure and function[J]. Science of The Total Environment, 2008, 404(2): 297-307.
34	Crowther T W, Thomas S M, Maynard D S, et al. Biotic interactions mediate soil microbial feedbacks to climate change[J]. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2015, 112(22): 7033-7038.
35	王丽, 霍治国, 张蕾, 等. 气候变化对中国农作物病害发生的影响[J]. 生态学杂志, 2012, (07): 1673-1684.
	Wang L, Huo Z G, Zhang L, et al. Effects of climate change on the occurrence of crop diseases in China[J]. Chinese Journal of Ecology, 2012, (07): 1673-1684.
36	霍治国, 李茂松, 李娜, 等. 季节性变暖对中国农作物病虫害的影响[J]. 中国农业科学, 2012, (11): 68-79.
	Huo Z G, Li M S, Li N, et al. Impacts of Seasonal Climate Warming on Crop Diseases and Pests in China[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2012, (11): 68-79.
37	王志春, 杨军, 陈素华, 等. 气候变暖对内蒙古东部地区农牧业气候资源的影响[J]. 干旱区资源与环境, 2016, 30(4): 132-137.
	Wang Z C, Yang J, Chen S H, et al. Impact of warmer climate on agricultural and animal husbandry climatic resources in eastern Inner Mongolia[J]. Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment, 2016, 30(4): 132-137.
38	甘琴. 季节性气候变化对牛疾病的影响及预防[J]. 乡村科技, 2017, 000(27): 68-69.
	Gan Q. The influence of seasonal climate change on cattle disease and its prevention[J]. Xiang Cun Ke Ji, 2017, 000(27): 68-69.
39	胡克, 吴文达, 张源淑, 等. 气候变化对我国舍饲家畜养殖业的影响与应对措施分析[J]. 黑龙江畜牧兽医, 2015, 000(007): 103-106.
	Hu K, Wu W D, Zhang Y S, et al. Analysis of the effect of climate change on confined-livestock raising industry and its countermeasures in China[J]. Heilongjiang Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, 2015, 000(007): 103-106.
40	张玉源, 刘宏旺, 庄品. 气候变化对海洋渔业养殖的影响[J]. 科技视界, 2016, 000(3): 302-302.
	Zhang Y Y, Liu H W, Zhuang P. The impact of climate change on marine fish farming[J]. Science & Technology Vision, 2016, 000(3): 302-302.
41	林静云. 夏季极端天气后对虾养殖措施初探[J]. 上海农业科技, 2017, 000(6): 71, 80.
	Lin J Y. Preliminary Study on Shrimp Farming Measures after Extreme Weather in Summer[J]. Shanghai Agricultural Science and Technology, 2017, 000(6): 71, 80.
42	姜文生. 黄石气候特征对水产养殖业影响调研分析[J]. 农业与技术, 2017, 37(5): 119-121.
	Jiang W S. Investigation and analysis of the impact of Huangshi climate characteristics on aquaculture[J]. Agriculture & Technology, 2017, 37(5): 119-121.
43	Chang Y, Lee M-A, Lee K-T, et al. Adaptation of fisheries and mariculture management to extreme oceanic environmental changes and climate variability in Taiwan[J]. Marine Policy, 2013, 38: 476-482.
44	谢立勇, 林而达. 二氧化碳浓度增高对稻、麦品质影响研究进展[J]. 应用生态学报, 2007, (3): 308-312.
	Xie L Y, Lin E D. Effects of CO2 enrichment on grain quality of rice and wheat: a research review[J]. Chinese Journal Of Applied Ecology, 2007, (3): 308-312.
45	金志凤, 王治海, 姚益平, 等. 浙江省茶叶气候品质等级评价[J]. 生态学杂志, 2015, (05): 270-277.
	Jin Z F, Wang Z H, Yao Y P, et al. Evaluation of tea climate quality grade in Zhejiang[J]. Chinese Journal of Ecology, 2015, (05): 270-277.
46	黄中艳, 朱勇, 邓云龙, 等. 云南烤烟大田期气候对烟叶品质的影响[J]. 中国农业气象, 2008, 29(04): 440-445.
	Huang Z Y, Zhu Y, Deng Y L, et al. Influence of Climate During Field Growing Season on Quality of Tobacco Leaf in Yunnan Province[J]. Agricultural Meteorology, 2008, 29(04): 440-445.
47	Bhattarai S P, Midmore D J, Su N: Sustainable Irrigation to Balance Supply of Soil Water, Oxygen, Nutrients and Agro-Chemicals, Lichtfouse E, editor, Biodiversity, Biofuels, Agroforestry and Conservation Agriculture[M], Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2011: 253-286.
48	高峰, 张雨, 李宁. 农业野外科学观测试验站现状及贡献分析——以中国农业科学院为例[J]. 广东农业科学, 2012, 39(9): 212-214.
	Gao F, Zhang Y, Li N. Analysis on the Status Quo and Contribution of Agricultural Field Science Observation and Experiment Station——A Case Study of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences[J]. Guangdong Agricultural Sciences, 2012, 39(9): 212-214.
49	刘丽香, 张丽云, 赵芬, 等. 生态环境大数据面临的机遇与挑战[J]. 生态学报, 2017(14).
	Liu L X, Zhang L Y, Zhao F, et al. The opportunities and challenges presented by ecological environment big data[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2017(14).
50	韩家琪, 毛克彪, 夏浪, 等. 基于空间数据仓库的农业大数据研究[J]. 中国农业科技导报, 2016, 18(005):17-24.
	Han J Q, Mao K B, Xia L, et al. Research on Agricultural Big Data Based on Spatial Data Warehouse[J]. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, 2016, 18(005):17-24.
51	王昕, 王国复, 黄小猛. 科学大数据在全球气候变化研究中的应用[J]. 气候变化研究进展, 2016, 12(004):313-321.
	Wang X, Wang G F, Huang X M. The Application of Scientific Big Data in the Research of Global Climate Change[J]. Climate Change Research, 2016, 12(004):313-321.
52	兰玉彬, 王天伟, 陈盛德, 等. 农业人工智能技术:现代农业科技的翅膀[J]. 华南农业大学学报, 2020, 41(6):1-13.
	Lan Y B, Wang T W, Chen S D, et al. Agricultural artificial intelligence technology: Wings of modern agricultural science and technology[J]. Journal of South China Agricultural University, 2020, 41(6):1-13.
53	程曼, 袁洪波, 蔡振江, 等. 田间作物高通量表型信息获取与分析技术研究进展[J]. 农业机械学报, 2020, 51:314-324.
	Cheng M, Yuan H B, Cai Z J, et al. Review of Field-based Information Acquisition and Analysis of High-throughput Phenotyping[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery, 2020, 51:314-324.
54	丁国辉, 许昊, 温明星, 等. 基于经济型低空无人机对小麦重要产量表型性状的多生育时期获取和自动化分析[J]. 农业大数据学报,2019,1(2): 19-31.
	Ding G H, Xu H, Wen M X, et al. Developing cost-effective and low-altitude UAV aerial phenotyping and automatedphenotypic analysis to measure key yield-related traits for bread wheat[J].Journal of Agricultural Big Data,2019,1(2): 19-31.

[1]	段博文, 王卷乐, 石蕾, 高孟绪. 前沿领域国内外典型数据库调研与启示[J]. 农业大数据学报, 2023, 5(1): 46-54.
[2]	孙雨潇, 李艳丽, 李峰, 陈谦. 国内外科学数据共享现状研究与发展建议[J]. 农业大数据学报, 2022, 4(2): 88-98.
[3]	薛沐涵, 徐硕, 刘慧媛, 鲁峰, 王宇, 李奥. 远洋渔业科学数据治理与应用服务研究[J]. 农业大数据学报, 2022, 4(2): 99-107.
[4]	王亚鹏, 张文革, 胡林, 刘婷婷, 曹姗姗, 王蕾, 孙伟. 2019年天山云杉背包式激光雷达三维参数测量数据集[J]. 农业大数据学报, 2022, 4(1): 119-124.
[5]	范亚慧, 朱亮, 赵华, 郑建华. 科学数据共享的知识产权保护研究[J]. 农业大数据学报, 2021, 3(4): 3-9.
[6]	冯小鼎, 王晓冬, 罗斌, 王成. 基于LabVIEW的植物离子吸收多参数检测系统软件研发[J]. 农业大数据学报, 2021, 3(2): 16-23.
[7]	李强, 高懋芳, 方莹. 农业大数据信息平台构建方法初探[J]. 农业大数据学报, 2021, 3(2): 24-30.
[8]	颜瑞, 王震, 李言浩, 李哲敏, 李娴. 中国农业智能传感器的应用、问题与发展[J]. 农业大数据学报, 2021, 3(2): 3-15.
[9]	王慧, 王海江, 高攀, 张泽, 侯彤瑜, 吕新. 新疆生产建设兵团农业资源数据采集与整合方法研究[J]. 农业大数据学报, 2021, 3(2): 31-41.
[10]	王晓丽, 胡乾浩, 满芮, 刘婷婷. 中国果树花期2016年近红外光谱和图像数据集[J]. 农业大数据学报, 2021, 3(1): 88-93.
[11]	庄严, 杨帅, 刘照坤, 樊景超, 周舒雅. 农业科学观测数据权属与保护路径研究[J]. 农业大数据学报, 2020, 2(4): 107-112.
[12]	王晓丽, 胡乾浩, 樊景超, 李壮. 辽北苹果叶片氮含量、近红外光谱与图像数据集[J]. 农业大数据学报, 2020, 2(4): 113-119.
[13]	高飞, 王晓丽, 刘婷婷, 李壮, 满芮. 中国苹果叶片病虫害2015年光谱和图像数据集[J]. 农业大数据学报, 2020, 2(4): 120-124.
[14]	樊景超, 满芮, 张翔鹤, 周国民. 国家农业观测数据共享元数据标准研究[J]. 农业大数据学报, 2020, 2(4): 14-19.
[15]	陈彦清, 曹永生, 林雨楠, 方沩. 国家作物种质资源观测鉴定站点体系布局方法研究[J]. 农业大数据学报, 2020, 2(4): 20-28.